The following report will briefly summarize our progress to date on processing and incorporating data into the StreamNet database from the NMFS data files as part of PSMFC's contract entitled Expansion of StreamNet Database to all Anadromous Salmonid Populations in the States of California, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. We have focused on task 1 to this date (expand various databases). Therefore, this report only reflects progress on Task 1.
Status: All 39 files containing abundance data included
in the contract have been pre-processed. Data from NMFS files
has been re-formatted to meet StreamNet data standards and cross
checked with existing StreamNet data trends. 4 categories of
NMFS data trends were identified; 1) those trends already included
in StreamNet where data values and year ranges were the same,
2) those trends already in StreamNet where data values and year
ranges were NOT the same, 3) those trends that were NOT in StreamNet
at all, and finally, 4) those trends previously included in StreamNet
(and NMFS) that StreamNet no longer carries. Different actions
have been taken for each category. For category 1 no action is
necessary, for category 2 we have printed reports from both sources
and will correct and/or update the StreamNet database to include
the most reliable data, for category 3 we have printed reports
and will add these trends if, upon examination, the source documentation
appears reliable and our State contacts deem the addition appropriate.
Category 4 trends will not be reviewed in detail as these trends
have already been deemed either not reliable, or duplicative of
other data trends in the database. Individual processing of files
varies somewhat by State:
California : NMFS data files contained approximately 140
abundance trends. Of these, 57 are new trends not currently in
StreamNet. We have not established an 'official' liaison at CDFG
at this time to assist us with reviewing this data. We will do
so in the near future.
Idaho : NMFS data files contained very few new, or updated
abundance trends. IDFG StreamNet personnel will be consulted to
review those that do exist and recommend a strategy for incorporation
if appropriate.
Oregon : NMFS data files contained 960 trends for various
species in Oregon. Of these, approximately 400 are 'new' trends
currently not in the StreamNet database (most in the Oregon coastal
area). We have met with ODFW staff and they have agreed to have
staff at PSMFC process the new information and update the database.
Upon our receipt of the reference material for this data, we
anticipate completion of this task within 2-3 weeks.
Washington: NMFS data files contained nearly 1,500 trends
for various species in Washington. Of these, approximately 600
are 'new' trends currently not in the StreamNet database (most
in Puget Sound and coastal areas). We have met with WDFW StreamNet
staff and they have agreed review these trends and incorporate
as appropriate. Initially, Washington will review Columbia Basin
salmon trends and statewide steelhead trends. Puget Sound and
Coastal salmon trends will be reviewed at a later date (pending
a March timeline decision by WDFW staff).
Status: All 14 files containing hatchery data included
in the contract have been pre-processed into 2 consistent databases;
hatchery releases and hatchery returns. Data from NMFS files
has been re-formatted to meet StreamNet data standards and cross
checked with existing StreamNet data trends.
Hatchery Releases: The database submitted to PSMFC from
the NRC consultants contains nearly 112,000 records for the states
or OR, ID, WA, and CA. About 27% of these records came from PSMFC's
CWT database which is the primary source for hatchery release
data in StreamNet. Therefore, we are focusing our efforts on
'non PSMFC' data sources for this contract effort (since we already
have updated release data from the CWT database). The table below
summarizes the number of records (nearly 82,000) from 'non PSMFC'
sources in the NMFS database.
| 26770 | Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Historical Planting Database. 1952-Present. Historical releases of juvenile salmon into Washington waters. Includes all reported WDFW, Tribal, WDFW-Cooperatives, Regional Enhancement Groups, and federal plants. Interactive program on WDFW Prime computer. Also called History database for years 1967-present. Contact: Mark Kimbel, WDFW. | 8 |
| 3 | Borgerson, L. A., N. E. Stewart, K. K. Jones, and S. R. Mamoyac. 1991. Yaquina river basin fish management plan. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. 121p. | 9 |
| 1947 | Wallis, J. 1960-1964. Evaluations of Oregon State Fish Commission hatcheries. Data extracted from reports published for each hatchery (Alsea River, Bonneville, Coos River, North Santiam River, Sandy River, McKenzie River, Big Creek, Trask River, Nehalem River, Klaskanine River, Metolius River, Oxbow, Willamette River, Siletz River), e.g., "An evaluation of the Coos salmon hatchery". Oregon Fish Commission Research Laboratory, Clackamas, Oregon. | 10 |
| 297 | Washington Department of Fisheries. 1950-1952. Annual reports of the Washington Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington. | 12 |
| 2 | Koski, R.O.. 1947-1977. Stocking of trout and salmon by watershed, 1947-1972. Annual reports of the Oregon State Game Commission. Reports provided by J. Leppink, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland OR. | 13 |
| 231 | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1950-1977. Annual reports of the Quilcene National Fish Hatchery, Quilcene, WA. Reports provided by T. Kane, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Olympia, WA. | 14 |
| 11 | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1969-1991. Annual reports of the Quinault National Fish Hatchery, Neilton, WA. Reports provided by T. Kane, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Olympia, WA. | 15 |
| 680 | Pastor, S. 1994. Electronic database of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service hatchery releases and adult returns in the Columbia River basin, 1960s to 1980s. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vancouver, WA. | 16 |
| 68 | Fish Passage Center. 1995. Hatchery release database, 1985-1994. Electronic database of hatchery fish releases above Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River. Incomplete data 1979-1984. Data provided by M. Lim, Fish Passage Center, Portland, OR. | 17 |
| 8 | Leith, D. 1995. Chum salmon records for the Abernathy Creek spawning channel (brood years 1959-1966). Abernathy Salmon Culture Technology Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Personnel communication. | 18 |
| 2 | Johnson, G. 1994. Summary of activities at Abernathy Creek eggbox. Memorandum to D. Leith, Abernathy Salmon Culture Technology Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Habitat Program, Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA. | 19 |
| 3546 | Oregon State Fish Commission. 1947-1967. Fish liberation records for Fish Commission hatcheries, 1947-1977. Data provided by J. Leppink, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, OR. | 20 |
| 281 | Oregon State Fish Commission. 1947-1967. Fish stocking records for Fish Commission hatcheries, 1947-1977. Records provided by J. Leppink, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, OR. | 21 |
| 9886 | Oregon State Game Commission. 1949-1976. Cumulative stocking records by watershed, 1949-1976. Data provided by J. Leppink, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, OR. | 22 |
| 86 | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1959. Columbia River Fishery Development Program: Hatchery production and distribution data through fiscal year 1959. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. Portland, OR. | 23 |
| 1695 | Oregon State Fish Commission. 1964-1977. Fish liberation summaries by brood year, 1964-1977. Records provided by J. Leppink, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, OR. | 24 |
| 10720 | Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. 1978-1994. Egg and Fry Reports. Database of egg, fry, and fingerling release data and spawn information, 1978-1994. Electronic data provided by J. Leppink, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, OR. | 25 |
| 130 | Kimmerich, J. 1945. A review of the artificial propagation and transportation of the sockeye salmon of the Puget Sound area in the state of Washington conducted by the federal government from 1896 to 1945. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Leavenworth, WA. 144 p. | 26 |
| 53 | Mullan, J.W. 1986. Determinants of sockeye salmon abundance in the Columbia River, 1880s-1982: a review and synthesis. Biological Report 86(12). Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. 136 p. | 27 |
| 339 | Kelly, B. 1995. Salmon release and spawning data for Leavenworth, Entiat, and Winthrop National Fish Hatcheries. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Leavenworth, WA. (electronic and hard copy data) | 28 |
| 1611 | Elms-Cockrum, T. and S. Clark. 1995. Salmon release data for Idaho state hatcheries, 1940-1994. Electronic data for years after 1968, except sockeye salmon. Hard copy data for years 1940-1967. Idaho Fish and Game. Boise, ID. | 29 |
| 50 | Feldman, C. 1995. Sockeye salmon data for the artificial spawning beaches at Baker Lake, WA. Environmental Department, Puget Power. Bellevue, WA. | 30 |
| 33 | Kane, T. 1994. Electronic database (dbf format) of salmon liberations and adult returns to the Quinault, Quilcene, and Makah National Fish Hatcheries. USFWS. Olympia, WA. | 32 |
| 87 | Mullan, J.W. 1984. Overview of artificial and natural propagation of coho salmon (Onchorhynchus kisutch) on the mid-Columbia River. Report No. FRI/FAO-84-4. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Leavenworth, WA. 37Êp. | 33 |
| 87 | Wahle, R.J., W.D. Parente, P.J. Jurich, and R.R. Vreeland. 1975. Releases of anadromous salmon and trout from Pacific coast rearing facilities, 1960 to 1973. NMFS Data Report 101. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle, WA. 443 p. | 34 |
| 3219 | California Department of Fish and Game. 1955-1994. Annual reports of the California Department of Fish and Game facilities that propagate salmon. Reports provided by H. Reading, Inland Fisheries Division, Sacramento, CA. (Facilities include: Mokelumne River Fish Installation, 1964-94; Iron Gate Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery, 1965-94; Mad River Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery, 1970-94; Van Arsdale Fisheries Station, 1977-94; Warm Springs Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery, 1980-94; Trinity River Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery, 1958-1994; Hollow Tree Creek Egg Taking Station, 1979-1982; Noyo River Egg Collecting Station, 1977-1994; Nimbus Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery, 1955-94; Merced River Salmon Spawning Channel and Yearling Rearing Pond, 1971-94; Feather River Hatchery, 1963-92). | 35 |
| 244 | California Department of Fish and Game. 1984-1993. Annual reports of the operations of non-state cooperative salmon and steelhead artificial propagation programs, 1984-93. Reports provided by H. Reading, Inland Fisheries Division, Sacramento, CA. | 36 |
| 1646 | Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. 1995. Anadromous Adult Transactions. Database of adult returns and disposition, return years 1983-1993. Data provided by J. Leppink and C. Phillips, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, OR. | 43 |
| 96 | Mullan, J.W. 1987. Status and propagation of chinook salmon in the mid-Columbia River through 1985. Biological Report 87(3). Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. 111 p. | 51 |
| 1305 | Holsinger, L. 1995. Unpublished electronic database of fall-run chinook salmon released from California Department of Fish and Game hatcheries in the Central Valley, California. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southwest Region. Santa Rosa, CA. | 52 |
| 221 | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1971-1984. Annual reports of the Tehama-Colusa Fish Facility, Red Bluff, CA. Reports provided by S. Hamelberg, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Northern Central Vally Fishery Resouce Office. Red Bluff, CA. | 53 |
| 123 | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1943-1965. Annual reports of the Coleman National Fish Hatchery. Fish distribution tables within reports provided by S. Hamelberg, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Northern Central Valley Fishery Resouce Office. Red Bluff, CA. | 54 |
| 134 | Hamelberg, S. 1995. Tables of annual chinook salmon and steelhead trout production at the Coleman National Fish Hatchery, 1943-1994. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Northern Central Valley Fishery Resouce Office. Red Bluff, CA. | 55 |
| 9300 | Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. 1995. Electronic database of steelhead and cutthroat trout releases in Washington State, 1982-1994. Database provided by M. Kimbel, WDFW, Olympia, WA. | 56 |
| 6855 | Washington Department of Game. 1981. Game fish plants prior to 1988. Microfiche cards provided by M. Kimbel, WDFW, Olympia, WA. | 57 |
| 8 | Johnson, K. 1995. Spawning data for Redfish Lake sockeye salmon. Eagle Fish Facility. Idaho Department of Fish and Game. | 82 |
| 8 | 88 | |
| 32 | 89 |
It is our initial finding that there are substantial discrepancies
between those releases reported by the CWT database (from PSMFC)
and releases for the same time period from the NMFS database.
Evaluating why all of these differences occur and rectifying
them within the scope of this contract will be difficult (if not
impossible) due to the magnitude of the differences and the lack
of a common set of printed or 'truthed' documents describing these
releases. Nearly all of the releases in the NMFS database were
cited from references described as 'electronic databases' with
little other supporting documentation. Furthermore, the NMFS
contractor mixed references with the release data and, in many
cases, cites multiple references for one record in the database
making it impossible to determine which fields in the record came
from which reference.
The vast majority of the differences are confined to untagged
fish (which is predictable because the CWT database does not have
complete records of releases of untagged fish even though that
is the 'standard' for submitting data to the system) but there
are differences as well for tagged fish. The following table
shows the average difference between the CWT database and the
NMFS database for the years 1980-1993, for releases of all TAGGED
species.
| State | ||
| CA | ||
| ID | ||
| OR | ||
| WA |
Most states are within in a reasonable degree of error except
for the state of Washington where the NMFS database consistently
under-reports releases of tagged fish. It is my suspicion that
this problem is related somehow to the report of fish as 'transferred'
rather than released and could probably be quickly rectified.
Differences in untagged releases are another story. The table
below shows the average difference between the CWT database and
the NMFS database for the years 1980-1993, for releases of all
UNTAGGED species.
| State | ||
| CA | ||
| ID | ||
| OR | ||
| WA |
In California this difference is explained by the fact the they
have not submitted any untagged releases to the CWT database but
for the other states this is not the case. Differences averaging
millions of fish per year obviously need attention. Again, we
are unsure of the extent to which we can correct all of these
problems within the scope of this contract but following is a
state by state proposal of what we will do.
California : Utilize information from the CWT database
as the 'official' version of releases for tagged fish. Use data
from NMFS files for releases of unmarked, unassociated fish and
releases prior to data submitted to CWT database (NMFS data goes
back to 1943). Establish liaison with CDFG for verification of
data.
Idaho : Utilize information from the CWT database as the 'official' version of releases for tagged and untagged fish from 1975 through the present. Utilize StreamNet staff at IDFG to isolate and correct inconsistencies during this time period. Use data from NMFS files for years prior to 1975 (data goes back to 1940).
Oregon : Utilize information from the CWT database as
the 'official' version of releases for tagged and untagged fish
from 1975 through the present with the exception of unmarked,
unassociated releases prior to 1982. These will be taken from
the NMFS files as they have not been submitted to the CWT database.
Utilize StreamNet staff at ODFW to isolate and correct inconsistencies
during this time period. Use data from NMFS files for any years
prior to 1975 (data goes back to 1940).
Washington: Utilize information from the CWT database
as the 'official' version of releases for tagged and untagged
fish from 1975 through the present with the exception of unmarked,
unassociated releases of steelhead for all years. These will be
taken from the NMFS files as they have not been submitted to the
CWT database. Utilize StreamNet staff at WDFW to isolate and
correct inconsistencies during this time period. Use data from
NMFS files for any years prior to 1974 (data goes back to 1913).
Hatchery Returns: The database submitted to PSMFC from
the NRC consultants contains over 13,000 return records for the
states or OR, ID, WA, and CA. We have analyzed these records
and grouped them into logical trends (defined as a group of a
particular stock returning to a particular hatchery. The table
below summarizes the status of these data. As you can see, there
are a significant number of trends in the NMFS database that are
either missing altogether in StreamNet or missing some years.
| Not in StreamNet | ||
| Missing Some Years | ||
| Not in StreamNet | ||
| Missing Some Years | ||
| Same as Streamnet | ||
| Not in StreamNet | ||
| Missing Some Years | ||
| Same as Streamnet | ||
| Not in StreamNet | ||
| Missing Some Years | ||
| Same as Streamnet |
California : Utilize information from NMFS database and
update StreamNet database. Establish liaison with CDFG for verification
of data.
Idaho : Utilize StreamNet staff at IDFG and to error check
and incorporate data from NMFS database that is missing from StreamNet.
Oregon : Utilize StreamNet staff at ODFW and to error check
and incorporate data from NMFS database that is missing from StreamNet.
Washington: Utilize StreamNet staff at WDFW and to error check and incorporate data from NMFS database that is missing from StreamNet.
Marine : Marine harvest data consists primarily of 11 large
data files from various sources. We have reviewed this data and
are in the process of setting up meetings with the appropriate
harvest managers in Oregon and Washington to determine the best
route in incorporating this data. The proposal for future updates
would be to acquire this data from the PacFin database.
Freshwater: Freshwater harvest data falls into 3 broad
categories: Columbia River mainstem harvest, tributary sport
harvest, and tributary tribal harvest. We have reviewed these
datasets and will proceed as follows.
Columbia River: We are in the process of setting up meetings
with the appropriate harvest managers in Oregon and Washington
to determine the most appropriate way to incorporate Columbia
River harvest data and anticipate that this will be fairly easily
accomplished.
Tributary Sport Harvest: Washington is in the process
of updating sport harvest data for the entire state. We anticipate
that this will supersede the need to review NMFS files for Washington.
Idaho data files for harvest match StreamNet trends one for one
and will be updated only. Oregon is in the process of updating
sport harvest data for the entire state. We anticipate that this
will supersede the need to review NMFS files for Oregon. All
California data for sport harvest was obtained from StreamNet
and therefore needs no review.
Treaty Freshwater Harvest: We will review these on a trend
by trend basis and add as appropriate.