# Table_Attribute_Def

Attribute Definition:
Alkalinity, or acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), measured as milliequivalents per liter or mg/l of either HCO3 or CaCO3.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Very low (average value typically would be 0-5 mg/l)

Index Value 1 Definition:
Moderately low (average value typically would be 5-10 mg/l)

Index Value 2 Definition:
Moderately high (average value typically would be 10-40 mg/l)

Index Value 3 Definition:
High (average value typically would be 40-100 mg/l)

Index Value 4 Definition:
Very high (average value typically would be 100-300 mg/l)

Comment:
Index values are generally regarded as low in Western Washington. This attribute is used to characterize the level of secondary production in streams (benthic organisms).


Attribute Definition:
Average depth of bed scour in salmonid spawning areas (i.e., in pool-tailouts and small cobble-gravel riffles) during the annual peak flow event over approximately a 10-year period. The range of annual scour depth over the period could vary substantially. Particle sizes of substrate modified from Platts et al. (1983) based on information in Gordon et a. (1991): gravel (0.2 to 2.9 inch diameter), small cobble (2.9 to 5 inch diameter), large cobble (5 to 11.9 inch diameter), boulder (>11.9 inch diameter).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Average depth of scour >10 cm and <18 cm

Index Value 3 Definition:
Average depth of scour >18 cm and <24 cm

Index Value 4 Definition:
Average depth of scour >24 cm and <40 cm

Terms:
The term "frequent" indicates at least one event every 1-2 years.

Comment:
See DeVries (1997), Peterson et al. (1993) and Montgomery et al. (1999). Note: Frissel suggested changing the 10 cm value to 15 for chinook. Have retained the 10 cm value in order to maintain a single set of attributes statements for all species (Lestelle 6-4-99). Defined "frequency" term more precisely (Lestelle 3-29-00).


Attribute Definition:
Measure of the diversity and production of the benthic macroinvertebrate community. Three types of measures are given (choose one): a simple EPT count, Benthic Index of Biological Integrity (B-IBI)—a multimetric approach (Karr and Chu 1999), or a multivariate approach using the BORIS (Benthic evaluation of ORegon RIverS) model (Canale 1999). B-IBI rating definitions from Morley (2000) as modified from Karr et al. (1986). BORIS score definitions based on ODEQ protocols, after Barbour et al. (1994).

Index Value 0 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Macroinvertebrates abundant; multiple species of families Emphemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera are present. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=45. Comparable to least disturbed reference condition; overall high taxa diversity, particularly of mayflies, stoneflies, caddisflies, long-lived clinger, and intolerant taxa. Relative abundance of predators high. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Minimal impairment in benthic community — <1 standard deviation from the reference mean AND considered "ideal or good watershed and stream condition for reference condition."

Index Value 1 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Intermediate OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=37 and <45. Slightly divergent from least disturbed condition; absence of some long-lived and intolerant taxa; slight decline in richness of mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies; proportion of tolerant taxa increases. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Minimal impairment in benthic community — <1 standard deviation from the reference mean AND considered "marginal watershed and stream condition for reference condition."

Index Value 2 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Macroinvertebrates common or abundant but 1-2 families among Emphemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera are not present. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=27 and <37. Total taxa reduced—particularly intolerant, long-lived, stonefly, and clinger taxa. Relative abundance of predator declines; proportion of tolerant taxa continues to increase. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Moderate impairment in benthic community — >1 and <2 standard deviations from the reference mean.

Index Value 3 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Intermediate. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=17 and <27. Overall taxa diversity depressed; proportion of predators greatly reduced as is long-lived taxa richness; few stoneflies or intolerant taxa present; dominance by three most abundant taxa often very high. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Severe impairment in benthic community —>2 and <2.5 standard deviations from the reference mean.

Index Value 4 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Macroinvertebrates are present only at extremely low densities and/or biomass. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- <17. Overall taxa diversity very low and dominated by a few highly tolerant taxa; mayfly, stonefly, caddisfly, clinger, long-lived and intolerant taxa largely absent. Relative abundance of predators very low. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Extremely severe impairment in benthic community—>2.5 standard deviations from the reference mean.

Comment:
Discussion occurred on possibly editing this at 5-26-99 meeting; have retained language without changes until specific changes recommended (Lestelle 6-4-99). Deleted language for Index 1 and Index 3 per recommendation of Frissell (6-28-99).


Attribute Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length.


Attribute Definition:
The extent that the valley floodplain of the reach is confined by natural features. It is determined as the ratio between the width of the valley floodplain and the bankful channel width. Note: this attribute addresses the natural (pristine) state of valley confinement only.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Reach mostly unconfined by natural features -- Average valley width > 4 channel widths.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Reach comprised approximately equally of unconfined and moderately confined sections.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Reach mostly moderately confined by natural features -- Average valley width 2 - 4 channel widths.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Reach comprised approximately equally of moderately confined and confined sections.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Reach mostly confined by natural features -- Average valley width < 2 channel widths.

Terms:
Note: this attribute addresses the natural (pristine) state of valley confinement only.


Attribute Definition:
The extent that man-made structures within or adjacent to the stream channel constrict flow (as at bridges) or restrict flow access to the stream's floodplain (due to streamside roads, revetments, diking or levees) or the extent that the channel has been ditched or channelized, or has undergone significant streambed degradation due to channel incision/entrenchment (associated with the process called "headcutting"). Flow access to the floodplain can be partially or wholly cutoff due to channel incision. Note: Setback levees are to be treated differently than narrow-channel or riverfront levees--consider the extent of the setback and its effect on flow and bed dynamics and micro-habitat features along the stream margin in reach to arrive at rating conclusion. Reference condition for this attribute is the natural, undeveloped state.

Index Value 0 Definition:
The stream channel within the reach is essentially fully connected to its floodplain. Very minor structures may exist in the reach that do not result in flow constriction or restriction. Note: this describes both a natural condition within a naturally unconfined channel as well as the natural condition within a canyon.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Some portion of the stream channel, though less than 10% (of the sum of lengths of both banks), is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.

Index Value 2 Definition:
More than 10% and less than 40% of the entire length of the stream channel (sum of lengths of both banks) within the reach is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.

Index Value 3 Definition:
More than 40% and less than 80% of the entire length of the stream channel (sum of lengths of both banks) within the reach is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Greater than 80% of the entire length of the stream channel (sum of lengths of both banks) within the reach is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.


Attribute Definition:
Average dissolved oxygen within the water column for the specified time interval.

Index Value 0 Definition:
> 8 mg/L (allows for all biological functions for salmonids without impairment at temperatures ranging from 0-25 C)

Index Value 1 Definition:
> 6 mg/L and < 8 mg/L (causes initial stress symptoms for some salmonids at temperatures ranging from 0-25 C)

Index Value 2 Definition:
> 4 and < 6 mg/L (stress increased, biological function impaired)

Index Value 3 Definition:
> 3 and < 4 mg/L (growth, food conversion efficiency, swimming performance adversely affected)

Comment:
Revisions made 7-1-99 as provided by D. McCullough


Attribute Definition:
The extent that larger cobbles or gravel are surrounded by or covered by fine sediment, such as sands, silts, and clays. Embeddedness is determined by examining the extent (as an average %) that cobble and gravel particles on the substrate surface are buried by fine sediments. This attribute only applies to riffle and tailout habitat units and only where cobble or gravel substrates occur.

Index Value 0 Definition:
< 10% of surface  covered by fine sediment

Index Value 1 Definition:
> 10 and < 25 % covered by fine sediment

Index Value 2 Definition:
> 25 and < 50 % covered by fine sediment

Index Value 3 Definition:
> 50 and < 90 % covered by fine sediment


Attribute Definition:
Average diel variation in flow level during a season or month. This attribute is informative for rivers with hydroelectric projects or in heavily urbanized drainages where storm runoff causes rapid changes in flow.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Essentially no variation in discharge during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This characterizes conditions not influenced by flow ramping or accelerated storm runoff. This rating also would apply to small suburban-urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of <10% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Slight to low variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) slight to low ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging <2 inches change in stage per hour. This condition has both slight to low rates of change in flow and high frequency with which it occurs. This rating also would apply to small suburban-urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of ~10-25% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Low to moderate variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) low to moderate ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging >2 inches and <6 inches change in stage per hour. This condition has both moderate to high rates of change in flow and high frequency with which it occurs. This rating also would apply to small suburban- urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of ~25-40% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Moderate to high variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) moderate to high ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging between 6 inches to 12 inches change in stage per hour. This condition has both moderate to high rates of change in flow and high frequency with which it occurs. This rating also would apply to small suburban to urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of ~40-50% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Extreme variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) extreme ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging between 12 inches to 24 inches change in stage per hour. This condition is both extreme in the rate of change in flow and the frequency with which it occurs. This rating would apply to small, heavily urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of 50-80% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Terms:
Periods of record for comparison purposes would be approximately 10-15 years, i.e., one 10-15 period would be compared to another 10-15 year period.

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime, though basic meanings have remained unchanged from pre-March 2000 version (3-29-00 Lestelle)


AttributeName:
Flow - change in interannual variability in high flows

Attribute Definition:
The extent of relative change in average peak annual discharge compared to an undisturbed watershed of comparable size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or as would have existed in the pristine state). Evidence of change in peak flow can be empirical where sufficiently long data series exists, can be based on indicator metrics (such as TQmean, see Konrad [2000]), or inferred from patterns corresponding to watershed development. Relative change in peak annual discharge here is based on changes in the peak annual flow expected on average once every two years (Q2yr).

Index Value 0 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be strongly reduced relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >40% and <100% decrease in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation or water diversion projects.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be moderately reduced relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <40% decrease in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation or water diversion projects.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be comparable to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR <20% change in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state); OR <5% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be moderately increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <40% increase in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state); OR >5% and <15% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in some forested watersheds with high road density that experience significant rain on snow events, as the North Fork Stillaguamish River (Pess et al. in review). Note: many managed forested watersheds in the Pacific Northwest exhibit slight, if any, increases in peak annual flows since logging commenced (see Ziemer and Lisle 1998).

Index Value 4 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be strongly increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >40% and <110%+ increase in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state); OR >15% and <45% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in watersheds with significant urbanization (e.g., >20%).

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime (3-31-00 Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The average extent of intra-annual flow variation during the wet season -- a measure of a stream's "flashiness" during storm runoff. Flashiness is correlated with % total impervious area and road density, but is attenuated as drainage area increases. Evidence for change can be empirically derived using flow data (e.g., using the metric TQmean, see Konrad [2000]), or inferred from patterns corresponding to watershed development.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be slowed greatly relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >15% increase in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be moderately slower relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >5% and <15% increase in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) comparable to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR <5% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be moderately increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >5% and <15% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in some managed forested watersheds with high road density, likely most evident in small drainages.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be strongly increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >15% and <45% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in watersheds with significant urbanization.

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime (3-29-00 Lestelle).


AttributeName:
Flow - changes in interannual variability in low flows

Attribute Definition:
The extent of relative change in average daily flow during the normal low flow period compared to an undisturbed watershed of comparable size, geology, and flow regime (or as would have existed in the pristine state). Evidence of change in low flow can be empirically-based where sufficiently long data series exists, or known through flow regulation practices, or inferred from patterns corresponding to watershed development. Note: low flows are not systematically reduced in relation to watershed development, even in urban streams (Konrad 2000). Factors affecting low flow are often not obvious in many watersheds, except in clear cases of flow diversion and regulation.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be strongly increased compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >75% increase in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be moderately increased compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <75% increase in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be comparable to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR <20% change in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state).

Index Value 3 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be moderately reduced compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <50% reduction in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be severely reduced compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >50% and <=100% reduction in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime (3-31-00 Lestelle and Malone).


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of fine sediment within salmonid spawning substrates, located in pool-tailouts, glides, and small cobble-gravel riffles. Definition of "fine sediment" here depends on the particle size of primary concern in the watershed of interest. In areas where sand size particles are not of major interest, as they are in the Idaho Batholith, the effect of fine sediment on egg to fry survival is primarily associated with particles <1mm (e.g., as measured by particles <0.85 mm). Sand size particles (e.g., <6 mm) can be the principal concern when excessive accumulations occur in the upper stratum of the stream bed (Kondolf 2000). See guidelines on possible benefits accrued due to gravel cleaning by spawning salmonids.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: < 6%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: <10%

Index Value 1 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 6% and < 11%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >10% and <25%

Index Value 2 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 11% and < 18%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >25% and <40%

Index Value 3 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 18% and < 30%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >40% and <60%

Index Value 4 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 30% fines  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >60%


Attribute Definition:
Measure of the richness of the fish community (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species).

Comment:
Revisions made 7-2-99 as provided by C. Frissell


Attribute Definition:
The presence of pathogenic organisms (relative abundance and species present) having potential for affecting survival of stream fishes.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No historic or recent fish stocking in drainage and no known incidences of whirling disease, C. shasta, IHN, or IPN

Index Value 1 Definition:
Historic fish stocking, but no fish stocking records within the past decade, or sockeye population currently existing in drainage, or known incidents of viruses among kokanee populations within the watershed.

Index Value 2 Definition:
On-going periodic, frequent, or annual fish stocking in drainage or known viral incidents within sockeye, chinook, or steelhead populations in the watershed.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Operating hatchery within the reach or in the reach immediately downstream or upstream

Index Value 4 Definition:
Known presence of whirling disease or C. shasta within the watershed.

Terms:
Presence of specific virsuses, whirling disease, or C. shasta should be noted in comments when rating reach.

Comment:
Lestelle edited following meeting on 6-10-99 - shifted definitions from Index 2 and 3 to 1 and 2, eliminated old Level 1 definition and revised Index 3 for hatchery presence. Minor edits made 3-29-00 (Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
Measure of the richness of the fish community (no. of fish taxa). Taxa here refers to species.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 1 Definition:
1-2 non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 2 Definition:
3-7 non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 3 Definition:
8-14 non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 4 Definition:
15 or more non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Comment:
Revisions made 7-2-99 as provided by C. Frissell. Minor edits made for application to Puget Sound 3-29-00 (Lestelle)


Attribute Definition:
Average gradient of the main channel of the reach over its entire length. Note: Categorical levels are shown here but values are required to be input as point estimates for each reach.

Terms:
Input procedure allows for identifying reaches with gradients >4%.

Comment:
Gradient breaks revised 3-30-00 (Lestelle). FIX THIS !!!!


Attribute Definition:
The percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising pools, pool tailouts, backwater pools, beaver ponds, glides, small cobble/gravel riffles, and large cobble riffles..

Index Value 0 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as point estimates; %

Index Value 1 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as point estimates; %

Index Value 2 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as point estimates; %

Index Value 3 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as point estimates; %

Index Value 4 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as point estimates; %

Comment:
Attribute grouping to include all habitat types excepting off channel ponds


Attribute Definition:
The relative extent of poaching and/or harassment of fish within the stream reach.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Reach is distant from human population centers, no road access or no local concentration of human activity.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Reach is distant from human population centers, but with partial road access or little local concentration of human activity.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Reach is near human population center, but has limited public access (through roads or boat launching sites).

Index Value 3 Definition:
Extensive road and/or boat access to the reach with localized concentrations of human activity.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Reach is near human population center or has extensive recreational activities, and has extensive road access and/or opportunities for boat access.

Comment:
Edits made by Lestelle (6-4-99) considering comments from Frissell.


Attribute Definition:
The magnitude of hatchery fish outplants made into the drainage over the past 10 years. Note: Enter specific hatchery release numbers if the data input tool allows. "Drainage" here is defined loosely as being approximately the size that encompasses the spawning distribution of recognized populations in the watershed.

Index Value 1 Definition:
No more than two instances of fish releases in the past decade in the drainage.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Fish releases made into the drainage every 1-3 years at isolated locations within the drainage.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Fish releases made at multiple sites in the drainage, but only in 1-3 years during the past decade. When the species released is the same as focus species, chance for some superimposition can occur here.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Fish releases made every 1-3 years and at multiple sites in the drainage. When the species released is the same as focus species, superimposition can occur here.

Comment:
Added comments about superimposition to Index 3 and 4 following the 6-10-99 meeting.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising backwater pools.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising beaver ponds. Note: these are pools located in the main or side channels, not part of off-channel habitat.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising glides. Note: There is a general lack of consensus regarding the definition of glides (Hawkins et al. 1993), despite a commonly held view that it remains important to recognize a habitat type that is intermediate between pool and riffle. The definition applied here is from the ODFW habitat survey manual (Moore et al. 1997): an area with generally uniform depth and flow with no surface turbulence, generally in reaches of <1% gradient. Glides may have some small scour areas but are distinguished from pools by their overall homogeneity and lack of structure. They are generally deeper than riffles with few major flow obstructions and low habitat complexity.


AttributeName:
Habitat type - large cobble/boulder riffles

Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising large cobble/boulder riffles. Particle sizes of substrate modified from Platts et al. (1983) based on information in Gordon et a. (1991): gravel (0.2 to 2.9 inch diameter), small cobble (2.9 to 5 inch diameter), large cobble (5 to 11.9 inch diameter), boulder (>11.9 inch diameter).


AttributeName:
Habitat type - off-channel habitat factor

Attribute Definition:
A multiplier used to estimate the amount of off-channel habitat based on the wetted surface area of the all combined in-channel habitat.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising pools, excluding beaver ponds


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising pool tailouts.


AttributeName:
Habitat type - small cobble/gravel riffles

Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising small cobble/gravel riffles. Particle sizes of substrate modified from Platts et al. (1983) based on information in Gordon et a. (1991): gravel (0.2 to 2.9 inch diameter), small cobble (2.9 to 5 inch diameter), large cobble (5 to 11.9 inch diameter), boulder (>11.9 inch diameter).


Attribute Definition:
The natural flow regime within the reach of interest. Flow regime typically refers to the seasonal pattern of flow over a year; here it is inferred by identification of flow sources. This applies to an unregulated river or to the pre-regulation state of a regulated river.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Groundwater-source-dominated; strongly buffered peak flows (as in a springbrook or in river like the Metolius in central Oregon)

Index Value 1 Definition:
Spring snowmelt dominated, non-glacial; temporally consistent and moderate peak and low flows

Index Value 2 Definition:
Rain-on-snow transitional; consistent spring peak and low flows with inconsistent and flashy winter or early spring rain-on-snow peaks

Index Value 3 Definition:
Rainfall-dominated; flashy winter and early spring peaks, consistently low summer flows and variable spring and fall flows.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Glacial runoff system; high, turbid low flows, generally buffered peak flows except with occasional outburst floods and infrequent rain-on-snow events

Comment:
Edits made by Frissell 6-29-99. Notes: 1) Keep in mind the main way this attribute is intended to be used is to mediate the effects of other attributes on fish survival; for example, increasing turbidity in a glacial stream that is already turbid most of the summer may have less effect on fish survival than the same turbidity increase in a clearwater springbrook. Or, increased  peak and low flow variability caused by deforestation may be expressed more dramaitically in streams with flashy hydrologic regimes vs. those with more buffered natural regimes. 2) This classification only addresses the NATURAL BACKGROUND hydrologic regime--it does not attempt to characterize hydrologic changes caused by dam regulation and diversions.  We should think carefully about where in EDT dam- and diversion-related influences on hydrologic regime are accounted for before adopting the scheme above. Modified this attribute to specify that it applies solely to the unregulated state of a river (3-29-00 Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The change in the natural hydrograph caused by the operation of flow regulation facilities (e.g., hydroelectric, flood storage, domestic water supply, recreation, or irrigation supply) in a watershed.  Definition does not take into account daily flow fluctuations (See Flow-Intra-daily variation attribute).

Index Value 0 Definition:
No artificial flow regulation occurs upstream to affect hydrograph.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Project operations have not changed median flows between months or season as the project is operated as a run-of-river facility, or project storage is < 15 days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Project operations have not changed median flows between months or season as the project is operated as a run-of-river facility, or project storage is > 15 and < 30-days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Project operations have resulted in a measurable shift in median flows between months or seasons. The project provides limited flood control during periods of high run-off (winter or spring). The project’s reservoir is operated each year to store more than 30 but less than 60-days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Project operations have resulted in a major shift in median flows between months or seasons. The project is operated to provide significant flood control during high run-off periods (winter or spring). The project's reservoir is operated each year to store more than 60-days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.


Attribute Definition:
Average extent (magnitude and frequency) of icing events over a 10-year period. Icing events can have severe effects on the biota and the physical structure of the stream in the short-term. It is recognized that icing events can under some conditions have long-term beneficial effects to habitat structure.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Anchor ice and icing events do not occur.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Some anchor ice may occur infrequently, having little or no impact to physical structure of stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks/bed.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Likelihood for some anchor ice and/or icing events is moderate to high each year and effects on stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks/beds is considered low to moderate.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Likelihood for anchor ice and/or icing events is high each year, having effects on stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks/beds that differ widely within the reach--from low to high across the reach.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Likelihood of severe anchor ice or overbank ice jams is high each year, having major and extensive effects on stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks across the reach.


Attribute Definition:
The extent of heavy metals and miscellaneous toxic pollutants within the stream sediments and/or soils adjacent to the stream channel.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Metals/pollutants at natural (background) levels with no or negligible effects on benthic dwelling organisms or riparian vegetation (under continual exposure).

Index Value 1 Definition:
Deposition of metals/pollutants in low concentrations such that some stress symptoms occur to benthic dwelling organisms or riparian vegetation root/shoot growth is impaired (under continual exposure).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Stress symptoms increased or biological functions moderately impaired to benthic dwelling organisms; or few areas within the riparian zone present where no vegetation exists (slickens); ecotonal to these areas occupied only by tolerant species; horizons containing metals/pollutant concentrations influencing root growth and composition are common within the riparian corridor.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Growth, food conversion, reproduction, or mobility of benthic organisms severely affected; or large areas of the riparian zone devoid of vegetation; ecotonal areas occupied only by metals/pollutant-tolerant species; few areas in the riparian zones which are unaffected.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Metals/pollutant concentrations in sediments/soils are lethal to large numbers of the benthic species and/or riparian zone is practically devoid of vegetation.

Comment:
Inserted pollutants and broadened language to sediments within riverine substrates (3-31-00 Lestelle). Major edits on 3-31-00 to broaden application to riverine sediments (Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The extent of dissolved heavy metals within the water column.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No toxicity expected due to dissolved heavy metals to salmonids under prolonged exposure (1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 1 Definition:
May exert some low level chronic toxicity to salmonids (1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Consistently chronic toxicity expected to salmonids( 1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 3 Definition:
Usually acutely toxic to salmonids (1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 4 Definition:
Always acutely toxic to salmonids (1 month exposure assumed).

Comment:
Edits made by Lestelle (6-4-99) to broaden application to all heavy metals. Previous version used copper as a surrogate for all metals.


AttributeName:
Miscellaneous toxic pollutants - water column

Attribute Definition:
The extent of miscellaneous toxic pollutants (other than heavy metals) within the water column.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No substances present that may periodically be at or near chronic toxicity levels to salmonids.

Index Value 1 Definition:
One substance present that may only periodically rise to near chronic toxicity levels (may exert some chronic toxicity) to salmonids.

Index Value 2 Definition:
More than one substance present that may periodically rise to near chronic toxicity levels or one substance present > chronic threshold and < acute threshold (consistently chronic toxicity) to salmonids.

Index Value 3 Definition:
One or more substances present > acute toxicity threshold but < 3X acute toxicity threshold (usually acutely toxic) to salmonids.

Index Value 4 Definition:
One or more substances present with > 3X acute toxicity (always acutely toxic) to salmonids.

Comment:
Removed references to EPA following 6-10-99 meeting. Clarification indicating target species are salmonids (3-31-00 Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The extent of nutrient enrichment (most often by either nitrogen or phosphorous or both) from anthropogenic activities. Nitrogen and phosphorous are the primary macro-nutrients that enrich streams and cause build ups of algae. These conditions, in addition to leading to other adverse conditions, such as low DO can be indicative of conditions that are unhealthy for salmonids. Note: care needs to be applied when considering periphyton composition since relatively large mats of green filamentous algae can occur in Pacific Northwest streams with no nutrient enrichment when exposed to sunlight.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Unenriched streams (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 0.5-3 mg/m2). Nutrient levels typical of oligotrophic conditions (small supply of nutrients, low production of organic matter, low rates of decomposition, and high DO). No enrichment is occurring nor is suspected. Green filamentous algae may be present at certain times of year, particularly in unshaded areas.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Very small amount of enrichment suspected to be occurring through land use activities (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 3-20 mg/m2). Green filamentous algae present in summer months in unshaded reaches.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Nutrient levels typical of oligotrophic conditions (small supply of nutrients, low production of organic matter, low rates of decomposition, and high DO). Some enrichment known to be occurring (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 20-60 mg/m2), often associated with failing skeptics tanks or runoff from areas of heavy fertilizer usage. Dense mats of green or brown filamentous algae present in summer months.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Euthrophic (abundant nutrients associated with high level of primary production, frequently resulting in oxygen depletion).Very obvious enrichment of reach is occurring from point sources or numerous non-point sources (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 60-600 mg/m2). Large, dense mats of green or brown filamentous algae will be present during summer months.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Super enrichment of reach is strongly evident. Known, major point sources of organic waste inputs, such as runoff from large feedlot operation, wash water from farm products processing, or significant sewage facilities with inadequate treatment (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 600-1200 mg/m2). In most severe cases, filamentous bacteria abundant, associated with low D.O. and hydrogen sulfide. In less severe cases, large dense mats of green or brown filamentous algae generally cover the substrate.


Attribute Definition:
Obstructions to fish passage by physical barriers (not dewatered channels or hinderances to migration caused by pollutants or lack of oxygen).

Index Value 1 Definition:
One or barriers to juvenile migrants at certain flow levels.

Index Value 2 Definition:
One or barriers to juvenile migrants at all flow levels.

Index Value 3 Definition:
One or barriers to juvenile migrants at all flow levels and barrier(s) to adult migration at certain flow levels.

Index Value 4 Definition:
One or more barriers to all fish migration at all flow levels.

Comment:
Question on how applies to 6HUC--should just be applied to main channel?


Attribute Definition:
Level of predation risk on fish species due to presence of top level carnivores or unusual concentrations of other fish eating species. This is a classification of per-capita predation risk, in terms of the likelihood, magnitude and frequency of exposure to potential predators (assuming other habitat factors are constant). NOTE: This attribute is being updated to distinguish risk posed to small bodied fish (<10 in) from that to large bodied fish (>10 in).

Index Value 0 Definition:
Many or most native predators are depressed or rare, none are greatly increased over natural levels, and there is expected a significant numerical survival advantage to fish as a result compared to historical predator abundance.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Some native predators are moderately depressed, none are greatly increased over natural levels, and there is expected some small to moderate numerical survival advantage to fish as a result compared to historical predator abundance.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Diversity and per-capita abundance of predators exists so that  predation risk is at near-natural level and distribution.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Moderate increase in population density or moderately concentrated population of predator species exists due to artifacts of human alteration of the environment (e.g., top-down food web effects, habitat manipulations) compared to historical condition.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Excessive population density or concentrated population of predator species exists due to artifacts of human alteration of the environment (e.g., top-down food web effects, habitat manipulations) compared to historic condition.

Comment:
Edits made by Frissell 6-29-99. Notes: This classification assumes there is no Leopoldian benefit to predation, e.g., predators of salmon weed out diseased or maladapted individuals that would otherwise adversely affect conspecfics or their offspring.  Frissell is reluctant to rule this possibility out but knows of no
studies that test the question in fish populations. Assumes here that fewer predators = reduced predation risk = higher survival.


Attribute Definition:
A measure of riparian function that has been altered within the reach.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Strong linkages with no anthropogenic influences.

Index Value 1 Definition:
>75-90% of functional attributes present (overbank flows, vegetated streambanks, groundwater interactions typically present).

Index Value 2 Definition:
50-75% functional attribute rating- significant loss of riparian functioning- minor channel incision, diminished riparian vegetation structure and inputs etc.

Index Value 3 Definition:
25-50% similarity to natural conditions in functional attributes- many linkages between the stream and its floodplain are severed.

Index Value 4 Definition:
< 25% functional attribute rating: complete severing of floodplain-stream linkages

Comment:
Removed references to "contaminated sediments" following 6-10-99 meeting.


Attribute Definition:
Relative abundance of anadromous salmonid carcasses within watershed that can serve as nutrient sources for juvenile salmonid production and other organisms. Relative abundance is expressed here as the density of salmon carcasses within subdrainages (or areas) of the watershed, such as the lower mainstem vs the upper mainstem, or in mainstem areas vs major tributary drainages.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Super abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >800.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Very abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >400 and < 800.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Moderately abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >200 and < 400.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Not abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >25 and <200.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Very few or none -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) <25.


Attribute Definition:
Minimum water temperatures within the stream reach during a month.

Comment:
Edits made following 7-2-99 work session based on discussions between McCullough, Frissell, and Lestelle.


Attribute Definition:
Maximum water temperatures within the stream reach during a month.

Index Value 2 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 22-25 C or 1-12 d with >16 C

Index Value 3 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 25-27.5 C or > 4 d (non-consecutive) with warmest day 22-25 C or >12 d with >16 C

Index Value 4 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 27.5 C or 3 d (consecutive) >25 C or >24 d with >21 C

Comment:
Edits made consistent with recommendations by D. McCullough (following 7-2-99 work session).


Attribute Definition:
The extent of water temperature variation (cool or warm water depending upon season) within the reach as influenced by inputs of groundwater or tributary streams, or the presence of thermally stratified deep pools.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Super abundant sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters (primary source of stream flow), tributaries entering reach, or deep pools that provide abundant temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Abundant sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters, tributaries entering reach, or deep pools that provide abundant temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Occasional sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters, tributaries entering reach or deep pools that provide intermittent temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Infrequent sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters, tributaries entering reach or deep pools that provide infrequent temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 4 Definition:
No evidence of temperature variation in reach.


Attribute Definition:
The severity of suspended sediment (SS) episodes within the stream reach. (Note: this attribute, which was originally called turbidity and still retains that name for continuity, is more correctly thought of as SS, which affects turbidity.) SS is sometimes characterized using turbidity but is more accurately described through suspended solids, hence the latter is to be used in rating this attribute. Turbidity is an optical property of water where suspended, including very fine particles such as clays and colloids, and some dissolved materials cause light to be scattered; it is expressed typically in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Suspended solids represents the actual measure of mineral and organic particles transported in the water column, either expressed as total suspended solids (TSS) or suspended sediment concentration (SSC)—both as mg/l. Technically, turbidity is not SS but the two are usually well correlated. If only NTUs are available, an approximation of SS can be obtained through relationships that correlate the two. The metric applied here is the Scale of Severity (SEV) Index taken from Newcombe and Jensen (1996), derived from: SEV = a + b(lnX) + c(lnY) , where, X = duration in hours, Y = mg/l, a = 1.0642 , b = 0.6068, and c = 0.7384. Duration is the number of hours out of month (with highest SS typically) when that concentration or higher normally occurs. Concentration would be represented by grab samples reported by USGS. See rating guidelines.

Index Value 0 Definition:
SEV Index <= 4.5 Clear with infrequent (short duration-- several days per year) concentrations of low concentrations (< 50 mg/l) of suspended sediment. No adverse effects on biota of these low doses.

Index Value 1 Definition:
SEV Index >4.5 and <= 7.5  Occasional episodes (days) of low to moderate concentrations (<500 mg/L), though very short duration episodes (hours) may occur with of higher concentrations (500 to 1000). These concentrations are always sublethal to juvenile and adult salmonids-though some behavioral modification may occur.

Index Value 2 Definition:
SEV Index >7.5 and <= 10.5   Occasional episodes of moderate to relatively high concentrations (>500 and <1000 mg/L), though shorter duration episodes (<1 week) may occur with higher concentrations (1000-5000 mg/L). The higher concentrations stated can be expected to result in major behavioral modification, severe stress, severely reduced forage success and direct mortality.

Index Value 3 Definition:
SEV Index >10.5 and <= 12.5   On-going or occasional episodes (periodic events annually lasting weeks at a time) of high concentrations of suspended sediment (>5000 and <10000 mg/L), or shorter duration episodes lasting hours or days of higher concentrations. These conditions result in direct, high mortality rates.

Index Value 4 Definition:
SEV Index >12.5   Extended periods (month) of very high concentrations (>10000 mg/L). These represent the most extreme severe conditions encountered and result in very high mortality of fish species.

Terms:
Note: turbidity here is described by suspended sediment measured as mg/L instead of the more usual unit of NTU. It is recognized that relationships between NTU and suspended sediment differ by sediment particle type.

Comment:
Major edits made by Lestelle on 4-5-00 following review of papers by Lloyd (1987), Lloyd et al. (1987), and Waters (1995).


Attribute Definition:
The amount of wood (large woody debris or LWD) within the reach. Dimensions of what constitutes LWD are defined here as pieces >0.1 m diameter and >2 m in length. Numbers and volumes of LWD corresponding to index levels are based on Peterson et al. (1992), May et al. (1997), Hyatt and Naiman (2001), and Collins et al. (2002). Note: channel widths here refer to average wetted width during the high flow month (< bank full), consistent with the metric used to define high flow channel width. Ranges for index values are based on LWD pieces/CW and presence of jams (on larger channels). Reference to "large" pieces in index values uses the standard TFW definition as those > 50 cm diameter at midpoint.

Index Value 0 Definition:
A complex mixture of single large pieces and accumulations consisting of all sizes, decay classes, and species origins;  cross-channel jams are present where appropriate vegetation and channel conditions facilitate their existence; large wood pieces are a dominant influence on channel diversity (e.g., pools, gravel bars, and mid-channel islands) where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 3-10 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 3-10 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 7-30 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 20-50 pieces/CW in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 15-37 pieces/CW in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Complex array of large wood pieces but fewer cross channel bars and fewer pieces of sound large wood due to less recruitment than index level 1; influences of large wood and jams are a  prevalent influence on channel morphology where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 2-3 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 2-4 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 3-7 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 10-20 pieces/CW (excluding large jams) in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 8-15 pieces/CW (excluding large jams) in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Few pieces of large wood and their lengths are reduced and decay classes older due to less recruitment than in index level 1; small debris jams poorly anchored in place; large wood habitat and channel features of large wood origin are uncommon where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 1-2 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 1-2 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 1-3 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 10-20 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 8-15 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Large pieces of wood rare and the natural function of wood pieces limited due to diminished quantities, sizes, decay classes and the capacity of the riparian streambank vegetation to retain pieces where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 0.33-1 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 0.33-1 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 0.33-1 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 3-10 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 2-8 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Pieces of LWD rare. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- <0.33 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- <0.33 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- <0.33 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- <3 pieces/CW with accumulations where they might occur, >400 ft -- <2 pieces/CW with no accumulations where they might occur.

Terms:
The term "large wood" uses the standard TFW definition as logs greater than 50 cm diameter at midpoint.


Attribute Definition:
The number and relative size of water withdrawals in the stream reach.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Very minor water withdrawals with or without screening (entrainment probability considered very low).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Several of significant water withdrawals along reach though all sites known or believed to be screened with effective screening devices. (Note: one site that withdraws substantial portion of flow without screening falls into this category.)

Index Value 3 Definition:
Several sites of significant water withdrawals along reach without screening or screening believed to be ineffective. (Note: one site that withdraws substantial portion of flow without screening falls into this category.)

Index Value 4 Definition:
Frequent sites of significant water withdrawals along reach without screening or screening believed to be ineffective.

Comment:
Frissell commented that information is likely not available to indicate extent of screening, as in Index 4 above. Some discussion has occurred suggesting that this kind of information may be obtained by communicating with local fish and wildlife offices. Needs further attention (Lestelle 6-4-99).


Attribute Definition:
Average width of the wetted channel. If the stream is braided or contains multiple channels, then the width would represent the sum of the wetted widths along a transect that extends across all channels. Note: Categories are not to be used for calculation of wetted surface area; categories here are used to designate relative stream size.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Terms:
Average width is the average during a specific month, either the typical low flow or high flow month.

Comment:
Values placed by Lestelle (6-4-99) to provide a means of designating relative stream size. Lestelle changed lower limit to Index 1 following 6-10-99 meeting.


Attribute Definition:
Average width of the wetted channel during peak flow month (average monthly conditions). If the stream is braided or contains multiple channels, then the width would represent the sum of the wetted widths along a transect that extends across all channels. Note: Categories are not to be used for calculation of wetted surface area; categories here are used to designate relative stream size.


# Table_Change_Lookup

Description:
Data of higher accuracy and/or precision is available


Description:
New information of a higher level of proof is available


Description:
A different hypothesis is brought forward


# Table_Degraded_Def

Comments:
Degraged attribute assumptions used in Yakima Basin


# Table_PatternClass_Types_Lookup

ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes flow; use to calculate reach width (min and max values required)


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern for maximium flow attributes


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern for minimum flow attributes


ClassDescription:
Attribute is constant for all months (no variation)


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes maximum temperature


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes minimum temperature


ClassDescription:
Combination of TempMax and TempMin Patterns to describe seasonal variation in TmpSptVar


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes turbidity in stream


ClassDescription:
Monthly patterns for obstruction reaches


# Table_Proof_Lookup

Description:
Documented observations (e.g.USGS flow or temperature data).


Description:
Expansion of observations to fill in missing times or places, using documented procedures.


Description:
Information derived from other attributes using documented procedures.


Description:
Information provided by person with expertise in the subject matter & familiarity with local conditions.


Description:
Hypothesis derived from literature, data from similar subbasins and/or local knowledge.


# Table_RouteGlobal_Editor

Description:
From mouth at Columbia R to Seufert's Falls #51409, called Cushing Falls on Quad map


# Table_Routing_Editor

Description:
From mouth at Columbia R to Seufert's Falls #51409, called Cushing Falls on Quad map


Description:
Seufert Falls #51409, called Cushing Falls on Quad map


Description:
From Seufert Falls #51409, called Cushing Falls on Quad map to Eightmile Cr


Description:
From mouth at Fifteenmile Cr to Fivemile Cr


Description:
From mouth at Eightmile Cr to trib at 640 ft level


Description:
From trib at 640 ft level to the gravel pit just below 800 ft level


Description:
From gravel pit just below 800 ft level to NF Fivemile Cr


Description:
From confluence with MF/mainstem Fivemile Cr to Forest 4440-160 road crossing just above the mouth


Description:
From confluence with SF/mainstem Fivemile Cr to culvert at Forest Road 4430 at 3200 ft level


Description:
Culvert - Forest Road 4430 at 3200 ft level


Description:
From culvert at Forest Road 4430 at 3200 ft level to 3360 ft level


Description:
From Fivemile Cr to unnamed trib just above 400 ft level


Description:
From unnamed trib just above 400 ft level to bridge at Lower Eightmile Road


Description:
From bridge at Lower Eightmile Road to trib just below the 720 ft level in section 28


Description:
From trib just below the 720 ft level in section 28 to Japanese Hollow


Description:
From Rail Hollow to road crossing at Lower Eightmile Campground


Description:
From road crossing at Lower Eightmile Campground to Wolf Run Ditch


Description:
From Wolf Run Ditch to culvert at Forest Road 4400-120 at Bottle Prairie


Description:
Culvert - Forest Road 4400-120 at Bottle Prairie


Description:
From culvert at Forest Road 4400-120 at Bottle Prairie to culvert at Forest Road 4400


Description:
From culvert at Forest Road 4400 to 5240 ft level


Description:
From mouth at Fifteenmile Cr to Mays Canyon Cr


Description:
From Mays Canyon Cr to trib at 2160 ft level


Description:
From mouth at Fifteenmile Cr to Olson's Diversion at road crossing in section 2


Description:
From Olson's Diversion at road crossing in section 2 to new Mt Hood NF boundary at section line 10/3


Description:
From new Mt Hood NF boundary at section line 10/3 to trib at 2440 ft level


Description:
From trib at 2440 ft level to culvert at Forest Road 4450 at 3360 ft level


Description:
Culvert - Forest Road 4450 at 3360 ft level


Description:
From culvert at Forest Road 4450 at 3360 ft level to concrete weir #51386 at pond in section 16


Description:
Concrete weir #51386 at pond in section 16


Description:
From concrete weir #51386 at pond in section 16 to boulder cascade near 3840 ft level


Description:
From Ramsey Cr to Dufur City Rsv Dam in section 15


Description:
From Dufur City Rsv Dam in section 15 to entrance of canyon reach at 2000 ft level


Description:
From entrance of canyon reach at 2000 ft level to Orcharoad Ridge Diversion just below Forest Road 4421 at section line 19/20


Description:
From Orcharoad Ridge Diversion just below Forest Road 4421 at section line 19/20 to upper end of valley at 2560 ft level


Description:
From upper end of valley at 2560 ft level to Cedar Cr


Description:
From mouth at Fifteenmile Cr to Frailey Point Trail in section 28


Description:
From Deadman Gulch to Unnamed Trib at 3080 ft level


Description:
From Unnamed Trib at 3080 ft level to cascade barrier at 3460 ft level


