# Table_Attribute_Def

Attribute Definition:
A measure of "passive accessibility" of groundwater channels to juvenile fish.  It is expressed in terms of the fraction of days during a month when juvenile fish could be moved (or swept) passively into the habitat.

Index Value 2 Definition:
2-4 days (30 day month) or 7-13% of month

Index Value 3 Definition:
0.5-2 days (30 day month) or 2-7% of month

Index Value 4 Definition:
0-0.5 day (30 day month) or 0-2% of month


Attribute Definition:
A measure of "passive accessibility" of floodplain ponds to juvenile fish.  It is expressed in terms of the fraction of days during a month when juvenile fish could be moved (or swept) passively into the habitat.


Attribute Definition:
A measure of "passive accessibility" of seasonally flooded wetlands to juvenile fish.  It is expressed in terms of the fraction of days during a month when juvenile fish could be moved (or swept) passively into the habitat.


Attribute Definition:
A measure of the degree to which juvenile fish can swim up the outlet channel into a floodplain pond.  It is expressed in terms of the fraction of days during a month when juvenile fish can swim into the pond.

Index Value 0 Definition:
25-30 days (30 day month) or 83-100% of month (mean depth in outlet >4 inches on passable days)

Index Value 1 Definition:
10-25 days (30 day month) or 33-83% of month (mean depth in outlet >4 inches on passable days)

Index Value 2 Definition:
3-10 days (30 day month) or 10-33% of month (mean water depth in outlet >4 inches on passable days)

Index Value 3 Definition:
0.5-3 days (30 day month) or 2-10% of month (mean water depth in outlet >4 inches on passable days)

Index Value 4 Definition:
0-0.5 day (30 day month) or 0-2% of month (mean water depth in outlet >4 inches on passable days)


Attribute Definition:
Alkalinity, or acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), measured as milliequivalents per liter or mg/l of either HCO3 or CaCO3.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Very low (average value typically would be 0-5 mg/l)

Index Value 1 Definition:
Moderately low (average value typically would be 5-10 mg/l)

Index Value 2 Definition:
Moderately high (average value typically would be 10-40 mg/l)

Index Value 3 Definition:
High (average value typically would be 40-100 mg/l)

Index Value 4 Definition:
Very high (average value typically would be 100-300 mg/l)

Comment:
Index values are generally regarded as low in Western Washington. This attribute is used to characterize the level of secondary production in streams (benthic organisms).


Attribute Definition:
Average depth of bed scour in salmonid spawning areas (i.e., in pool-tailouts and small cobble-gravel riffles) during the annual peak flow event over approximately a 10-year period. The range of annual scour depth over the period could vary substantially. Particle sizes of substrate modified from Platts et al. (1983) based on information in Gordon et a. (1991): gravel (0.2 to 2.9 inch diameter), small cobble (2.9 to 5 inch diameter), large cobble (5 to 11.9 inch diameter), boulder (>11.9 inch diameter).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Average depth of scour >10 cm and <18 cm

Index Value 3 Definition:
Average depth of scour >18 cm and <24 cm

Index Value 4 Definition:
Average depth of scour >24 cm and <40 cm

Terms:
The term "frequent" indicates at least one event every 1-2 years.

Comment:
See DeVries (1997), Peterson et al. (1993) and Montgomery et al. (1999). Note: Frissel suggested changing the 10 cm value to 15 for chinook. Have retained the 10 cm value in order to maintain a single set of attributes statements for all species (Lestelle 6-4-99). Defined "frequency" term more precisely (Lestelle 3-29-00).


Attribute Definition:
Measure of the diversity and production of the benthic macroinvertebrate community. Three types of measures are given (choose one): a simple EPT count, Benthic Index of Biological Integrity (B-IBI)—a multimetric approach (Karr and Chu 1999), or a multivariate approach using the BORIS (Benthic evaluation of ORegon RIverS) model (Canale 1999). B-IBI rating definitions from Morley (2000) as modified from Karr et al. (1986). BORIS score definitions based on ODEQ protocols, after Barbour et al. (1994).

Index Value 0 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Macroinvertebrates abundant; multiple species of families Emphemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera are present. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=45. Comparable to least disturbed reference condition; overall high taxa diversity, particularly of mayflies, stoneflies, caddisflies, long-lived clinger, and intolerant taxa. Relative abundance of predators high. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Minimal impairment in benthic community — <1 standard deviation from the reference mean AND considered "ideal or good watershed and stream condition for reference condition."

Index Value 1 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Intermediate OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=37 and <45. Slightly divergent from least disturbed condition; absence of some long-lived and intolerant taxa; slight decline in richness of mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies; proportion of tolerant taxa increases. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Minimal impairment in benthic community — <1 standard deviation from the reference mean AND considered "marginal watershed and stream condition for reference condition."

Index Value 2 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Macroinvertebrates common or abundant but 1-2 families among Emphemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera are not present. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=27 and <37. Total taxa reduced—particularly intolerant, long-lived, stonefly, and clinger taxa. Relative abundance of predator declines; proportion of tolerant taxa continues to increase. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Moderate impairment in benthic community — >1 and <2 standard deviations from the reference mean.

Index Value 3 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Intermediate. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- >=17 and <27. Overall taxa diversity depressed; proportion of predators greatly reduced as is long-lived taxa richness; few stoneflies or intolerant taxa present; dominance by three most abundant taxa often very high. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Severe impairment in benthic community —>2 and <2.5 standard deviations from the reference mean.

Index Value 4 Definition:
(1) Simple EPT index -- Macroinvertebrates are present only at extremely low densities and/or biomass. OR  (2) B-IBI (10 metrics) -- <17. Overall taxa diversity very low and dominated by a few highly tolerant taxa; mayfly, stonefly, caddisfly, clinger, long-lived and intolerant taxa largely absent. Relative abundance of predators very low. OR (3)  BORIS score -- Extremely severe impairment in benthic community—>2.5 standard deviations from the reference mean.

Comment:
Discussion occurred on possibly editing this at 5-26-99 meeting; have retained language without changes until specific changes recommended (Lestelle 6-4-99). Deleted language for Index 1 and Index 3 per recommendation of Frissell (6-28-99).


Attribute Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length

Index Value 1 Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length

Index Value 2 Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length

Index Value 3 Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length

Index Value 4 Definition:
Length of the primary channel contained with the stream reach -- Note: this attribute will not be given by a categories but rather will be a point estimate. Length of channel is given for the main channel only--multiple channels do not add length


Attribute Definition:
A measure of the complexity of side channels expressed in terms of the length of stream margin ("edge") per square foot of wetted area. The attribute is expressed explicitly in terms of the increase in edge per square foot across all in-channel habitat features that exists because of side channels.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Increase in edge/area of > 200% due to presence of side channels; rating of zero is assigned when increase exceeds 300%.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Increase in edge/area of 100-200% due to presence of side channels.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Increase in edge/area of 20-100% due to presence of side channels.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Increase in edge/area of 5-20% due to presence of side channels.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Increase in edge/area of 0-5% due to presence of side channels.


Attribute Definition:
The extent that the valley floodplain of the reach is confined by natural features. It is determined as the ratio between the width of the valley floodplain and the bankful channel width. Note: this attribute addresses the natural (pristine) state of valley confinement only.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Reach mostly unconfined by natural features -- Average valley width > 4 channel widths.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Reach comprised approximately equally of unconfined and moderately confined sections.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Reach mostly moderately confined by natural features -- Average valley width 2 - 4 channel widths.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Reach comprised approximately equally of moderately confined and confined sections.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Reach mostly confined by natural features -- Average valley width < 2 channel widths.

Terms:
Note: this attribute addresses the natural (pristine) state of valley confinement only.


Attribute Definition:
The extent that man-made structures within or adjacent to the stream channel constrict flow (as at bridges) or restrict flow access to the stream's floodplain (due to streamside roads, revetments, diking or levees) or the extent that the channel has been ditched or channelized, or has undergone significant streambed degradation due to channel incision/entrenchment (associated with the process called "headcutting"). Flow access to the floodplain can be partially or wholly cutoff due to channel incision. Note: Setback levees are to be treated differently than narrow-channel or riverfront levees--consider the extent of the setback and its effect on flow and bed dynamics and micro-habitat features along the stream margin in reach to arrive at rating conclusion. Reference condition for this attribute is the natural, undeveloped state.

Index Value 0 Definition:
The stream channel within the reach is essentially fully connected to its floodplain. Very minor structures may exist in the reach that do not result in flow constriction or restriction. Note: this describes both a natural condition within a naturally unconfined channel as well as the natural condition within a canyon.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Some portion of the stream channel, though less than 10% (of the sum of lengths of both banks), is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.

Index Value 2 Definition:
More than 10% and less than 40% of the entire length of the stream channel (sum of lengths of both banks) within the reach is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.

Index Value 3 Definition:
More than 40% and less than 80% of the entire length of the stream channel (sum of lengths of both banks) within the reach is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Greater than 80% of the entire length of the stream channel (sum of lengths of both banks) within the reach is disconnected from its floodplain along one or both banks due to man-made structures or ditching.


Attribute Definition:
Average percentage of days in month when side channels are completely connected to the primary channel (i.e., proportion of month during which channels carry surface water from divergence to return points).  "Connection" implies a depth of at least 4 inches.

Index Value 0 Definition:
29-30 (30 day month) or 97-100% of month has full connection.

Index Value 1 Definition:
27-29 days (30 day month) or 90-97% of month has full connection.

Index Value 2 Definition:
20-27 days (30 day month) or 67-90% of month has full connection.

Index Value 3 Definition:
10-20 days (30 day month) or 33-67% of month has full connection.

Index Value 4 Definition:
0-10 days (30 day month) or 0-33% of month has full connection.


Attribute Definition:
The mean depth in feet of groundwater channels in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
The mean depth in feet of floodplain ponds in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
The mean depth in feet of seasonally flooded wetlands in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Average dissolved oxygen within the water column for the specified time interval.

Index Value 0 Definition:
> 8 mg/L (allows for all biological functions for salmonids without impairment at temperatures ranging from 0-25 C)

Index Value 1 Definition:
> 6 mg/L and < 8 mg/L (causes initial stress symptoms for some salmonids at temperatures ranging from 0-25 C)

Index Value 2 Definition:
> 4 and < 6 mg/L (stress increased, biological function impaired)

Index Value 3 Definition:
> 3 and < 4 mg/L (growth, food conversion efficiency, swimming performance adversely affected)

Comment:
Revisions made 7-1-99 as provided by D. McCullough


Attribute Definition:
Monthly mean dissolved oxygen content within the water column for all groundwater channels in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Monthly mean dissolved oxygen content within the water column for all floodplain ponds in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Monthly mean dissolved oxygen content within the water column for all seasonally flooded wetlands in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
The extent that larger cobbles or gravel are surrounded by or covered by fine sediment, such as sands, silts, and clays. Embeddedness is determined by examining the extent (as an average %) that cobble and gravel particles on the substrate surface are buried by fine sediments. This attribute only applies to riffle and tailout habitat units and only where cobble or gravel substrates occur.

Index Value 0 Definition:
< 10% of surface  covered by fine sediment

Index Value 1 Definition:
> 10 and < 25 % covered by fine sediment

Index Value 2 Definition:
> 25 and < 50 % covered by fine sediment

Index Value 3 Definition:
> 50 and < 90 % covered by fine sediment


Attribute Definition:
Average diel variation in flow level during a season or month. This attribute is informative for rivers with hydroelectric projects or in heavily urbanized drainages where storm runoff causes rapid changes in flow.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Essentially no variation in discharge during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This characterizes conditions not influenced by flow ramping or accelerated storm runoff. This rating also would apply to small suburban-urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of <10% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Slight to low variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) slight to low ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging <2 inches change in stage per hour. This condition has both slight to low rates of change in flow and high frequency with which it occurs. This rating also would apply to small suburban-urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of ~10-25% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Low to moderate variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) low to moderate ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging >2 inches and <6 inches change in stage per hour. This condition has both moderate to high rates of change in flow and high frequency with which it occurs. This rating also would apply to small suburban- urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of ~25-40% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Moderate to high variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) moderate to high ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging between 6 inches to 12 inches change in stage per hour. This condition has both moderate to high rates of change in flow and high frequency with which it occurs. This rating also would apply to small suburban to urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of ~40-50% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Extreme variation in flow stage during an average 24-hr period during season or month. This pattern typical of routine (everyday) extreme ramping condition associated with flow regulation, averaging between 12 inches to 24 inches change in stage per hour. This condition is both extreme in the rate of change in flow and the frequency with which it occurs. This rating would apply to small, heavily urbanized drainages with impervious surfaces of 50-80% in high rainfall climates (e.g., Puget Lowlands) and with little or no flow detention systems in place.

Terms:
Periods of record for comparison purposes would be approximately 10-15 years, i.e., one 10-15 period would be compared to another 10-15 year period.

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime, though basic meanings have remained unchanged from pre-March 2000 version (3-29-00 Lestelle)


AttributeName:
Flow - change in interannual variability in high flows

Attribute Definition:
The extent of relative change in average peak annual discharge compared to an undisturbed watershed of comparable size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or as would have existed in the pristine state). Evidence of change in peak flow can be empirical where sufficiently long data series exists, can be based on indicator metrics (such as TQmean, see Konrad [2000]), or inferred from patterns corresponding to watershed development. Relative change in peak annual discharge here is based on changes in the peak annual flow expected on average once every two years (Q2yr).

Index Value 0 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be strongly reduced relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >40% and <100% decrease in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation or water diversion projects.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be moderately reduced relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <40% decrease in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation or water diversion projects.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be comparable to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR <20% change in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state); OR <5% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be moderately increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <40% increase in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state); OR >5% and <15% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in some forested watersheds with high road density that experience significant rain on snow events, as the North Fork Stillaguamish River (Pess et al. in review). Note: many managed forested watersheds in the Pacific Northwest exhibit slight, if any, increases in peak annual flows since logging commenced (see Ziemer and Lisle 1998).

Index Value 4 Definition:
Peak annual flows expected to be strongly increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >40% and <110%+ increase in Q2yr based on a long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state); OR >15% and <45% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in watersheds with significant urbanization (e.g., >20%).

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime (3-31-00 Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The average extent of intra-annual flow variation during the wet season -- a measure of a stream's "flashiness" during storm runoff. Flashiness is correlated with % total impervious area and road density, but is attenuated as drainage area increases. Evidence for change can be empirically derived using flow data (e.g., using the metric TQmean, see Konrad [2000]), or inferred from patterns corresponding to watershed development.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be slowed greatly relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >15% increase in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be moderately slower relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >5% and <15% increase in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state or as known by regulated flow levels. This condition is associated with flow regulation.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) comparable to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR <5% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be moderately increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >5% and <15% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in some managed forested watersheds with high road density, likely most evident in small drainages.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Storm runoff response (rates of change in flow) expected to be strongly increased relative to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, orientation, topography, and geography (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >15% and <45% reduction in average TQmean compared to the undeveloped watershed state. This condition exemplified in watersheds with significant urbanization.

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime (3-29-00 Lestelle).


AttributeName:
Flow - changes in interannual variability in low flows

Attribute Definition:
The extent of relative change in average daily flow during the normal low flow period compared to an undisturbed watershed of comparable size, geology, and flow regime (or as would have existed in the pristine state). Evidence of change in low flow can be empirically-based where sufficiently long data series exists, or known through flow regulation practices, or inferred from patterns corresponding to watershed development. Note: low flows are not systematically reduced in relation to watershed development, even in urban streams (Konrad 2000). Factors affecting low flow are often not obvious in many watersheds, except in clear cases of flow diversion and regulation.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be strongly increased compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >75% increase in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be moderately increased compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <75% increase in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be comparable to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR <20% change in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state).

Index Value 3 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be moderately reduced compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >20% and <50% reduction in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Average daily low flows expected to be severely reduced compared to an undisturbed watershed of similar size, geology, and flow regime (or the pristine state for the watershed of interest); OR >50% and <=100% reduction in the 45 or 60-day consecutive lowest average daily flow on a sufficiently long time series (~40 yrs or longer with at least 20 yrs pertaining to a watershed development state) or as known through flow regulation.

Comment:
Major edits to this attribute to enable it to be applied to any type of natural flow regime (3-31-00 Lestelle and Malone).


Attribute Definition:
The month-specific combination of a negative deviation of relative mean monthly flow and the relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month.  Deviations of mean flows and flow variabilities are expressed relative to unregulated flows that could be expected under the same set of land use conditions.  The metric used to describe the attribute is derived from a Z-score of regulated and unregulated mean monthly flows and a ratio of the Coefficient of Variation (CV) of regulated to unregulated mean daily flows.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Little or no decrease in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and little or no change in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to -0.3 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-1.5. See accompanying matrix table. No direct effects of such flows occur to the biota.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Small to moderate decrease in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to -1.3 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-1.7. See accompanying matrix table. Small direct effects to the biota can occur due to such flow changes compared to unregulated flows.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Relatively moderate to large decrease in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small to large changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to –2.3 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-2.4. See accompanying matrix table. Direct effects to the biota are generally expected to be noticeable under such flows and may range from a low to large increase in effect compared to those associated with unregulated flows.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Large decrease in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small to extreme changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to -4.0 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-3.0. See accompanying matrix table. Direct effects to the biota can be high under such flows and may range from a low to very large increase in effect compared to those associated with unregulated flows.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Extreme decrease in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small to extreme changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately –0.5 to -6.0 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-3.0. See accompanying matrix table. Direct effects to the biota can be extreme under such flows and may range from a low to extreme increase in effect compared to those associated with unregulated flows.

Comment:
Attribute added for Bureau Analysis - Yakima - 11-11-05


Attribute Definition:
The month-specific combination of a positive deviation of relative mean monthly flow and the relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month.  Deviations of mean flows and flow variabilities are expressed relative to unregulated flows that could be expected under the same set of land use conditions.  The metric used to describe the attribute is derived from a Z-score of regulated and unregulated mean monthly flows and a ratio of the Coefficient of Variation (CV) of regulated to unregulated mean daily flows.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Little or no increase in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and little or no change in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to 1.0 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-1.5. See accompanying matrix table. No direct effects of such flows occur to the biota.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Small increase in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to 1.0 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-1.7. See accompanying matrix table. Little direct effect to biota is expected of such flow changes compared to unregulated flows.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Moderate increase in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small to large changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to 5.3 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-2.4. See accompanying matrix table. Direct effects to the biota are generally expected to be noticeable under such flows and may range from a low to moderate increase in effect compared to those associated with unregulated flows.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Large increase in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small to extreme changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to 10.5 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-3.0. See accompanying matrix table. Direct effects to the biota can be high under such flows and may range from a low to large increase in effect compared to those associated with unregulated flows.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Extreme increase in the monthly flow magnitude compared to the unregulated magnitude and/or small to extreme changes in relative variability of mean daily flows for the same month, corresponding to Z-score values of approximately 0.0 to 13.0 associated with CV ratios of approximately 0.1-3.0. See accompanying matrix table. Direct effects to the biota can be extreme under such flows and may range from a low to extreme increase in effect compared to those associated with unregulated flows.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of fine sediment within salmonid spawning substrates, located in pool-tailouts, glides, and small cobble-gravel riffles. Definition of "fine sediment" here depends on the particle size of primary concern in the watershed of interest. In areas where sand size particles are not of major interest, as they are in the Idaho Batholith, the effect of fine sediment on egg to fry survival is primarily associated with particles <1mm (e.g., as measured by particles <0.85 mm). Sand size particles (e.g., <6 mm) can be the principal concern when excessive accumulations occur in the upper stratum of the stream bed (Kondolf 2000). See guidelines on possible benefits accrued due to gravel cleaning by spawning salmonids.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: < 6%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: <10%

Index Value 1 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 6% and < 11%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >10% and <25%

Index Value 2 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 11% and < 18%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >25% and <40%

Index Value 3 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 18% and < 30%  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >40% and <60%

Index Value 4 Definition:
Particle sizes <0.85 mm: > 30% fines  OR  Particle sizes <6.3 mm: >60%


Attribute Definition:
Measure of the richness of the fish community (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species).

Comment:
Revisions made 7-2-99 as provided by C. Frissell


AttributeName:
Fish community richness  (groundwater channels)

Attribute Definition:
Measure of the richness of the fish community (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species) within all groundwater channels in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


AttributeName:
Fish community richness (floodplain ponds)

Attribute Definition:
Measure of the richness of the fish community (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species) within all floodplain ponds in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Measure of the richness of the fish community (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species) within all seasonally flooded wetlands in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
The presence of pathogenic organisms (relative abundance and species present) having potential for affecting survival of stream fishes.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No historic or recent fish stocking in drainage and no known incidences of whirling disease, C. shasta, IHN, or IPN

Index Value 1 Definition:
Historic fish stocking, but no fish stocking records within the past decade, or sockeye population currently existing in drainage, or known incidents of viruses among kokanee populations within the watershed.

Index Value 2 Definition:
On-going periodic, frequent, or annual fish stocking in drainage or known viral incidents within sockeye, chinook, or steelhead populations in the watershed.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Operating hatchery within the reach or in the reach immediately downstream or upstream

Index Value 4 Definition:
Known presence of whirling disease or C. shasta within the watershed.

Terms:
Presence of specific virsuses, whirling disease, or C. shasta should be noted in comments when rating reach.

Comment:
Lestelle edited following meeting on 6-10-99 - shifted definitions from Index 2 and 3 to 1 and 2, eliminated old Level 1 definition and revised Index 3 for hatchery presence. Minor edits made 3-29-00 (Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
Extent of introductions of exotic fish species (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species).

Index Value 0 Definition:
No non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 1 Definition:
1-2 non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 2 Definition:
3-7 non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 3 Definition:
8-14 non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Index Value 4 Definition:
15 or more non-native species reported or known to be in the sub-drainage of interest.

Comment:
Revisions made 7-2-99 as provided by C. Frissell. Minor edits made for application to Puget Sound 3-29-00 (Lestelle)


AttributeName:
Fish species introductions (groundwater channels)

Attribute Definition:
Extent of introductions of exotic fish species (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species) within all groundwater channels in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


AttributeName:
Fish species introductions (floodplain ponds)

Attribute Definition:
Extent of introductions of exotic fish species (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species) within all floodplain ponds in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Extent of introductions of exotic fish species (no. of fish taxa, i.e., species) within all seasonally flooded wetlands in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Average gradient of the main channel of the reach over its entire length. Note: Categorical levels are shown here but values are required to be input as point estimates for each reach.

Terms:
Input procedure allows for identifying reaches with gradients >4%.

Comment:
Gradient breaks revised 3-30-00 (Lestelle). FIX THIS !!!!


Attribute Definition:
The percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising pools, pool tailouts, backwater pools, beaver ponds, glides, small cobble/gravel riffles, and large cobble riffles.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as percent of wetted area of channel (main channel, side channel and braids)

Index Value 1 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as percent of wetted area of channel (main channel, side channel and braids)

Index Value 2 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as percent of wetted area of channel (main channel, side channel and braids)

Index Value 3 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as percent of wetted area of channel (main channel, side channel and braids)

Index Value 4 Definition:
Habitat types are entered as percent of wetted area of channel (main channel, side channel and braids)

Comment:
Attribute grouping to include all habitat types excepting off channel ponds


Attribute Definition:
The relative extent of poaching and/or harassment of fish within the stream reach.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Reach is distant from human population centers, no road access or no local concentration of human activity.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Reach is distant from human population centers, but with partial road access or little local concentration of human activity.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Reach is near human population center, but has limited public access (through roads or boat launching sites).

Index Value 3 Definition:
Extensive road and/or boat access to the reach with localized concentrations of human activity.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Reach is near human population center or has extensive recreational activities, and has extensive road access and/or opportunities for boat access.

Comment:
Edits made by Lestelle (6-4-99) considering comments from Frissell.


Attribute Definition:
The magnitude of hatchery fish outplants made into the drainage over the past 10 years. Note: Enter specific hatchery release numbers if the data input tool allows. "Drainage" here is defined loosely as being approximately the size that encompasses the spawning distribution of recognized populations in the watershed.

Index Value 1 Definition:
No more than two instances of fish releases in the past decade in the drainage.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Fish releases made into the drainage every 1-3 years at isolated locations within the drainage.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Fish releases made at multiple sites in the drainage, but only in 1-3 years during the past decade. When the species released is the same as focus species, chance for some superimposition can occur here.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Fish releases made every 1-3 years and at multiple sites in the drainage. When the species released is the same as focus species, superimposition can occur here.

Comment:
Added comments about superimposition to Index 3 and 4 following the 6-10-99 meeting.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising backwater pools.


Attribute Definition:
Proportion of all in-channel wetted area (main channel, side channels and braids) consisting of braids, which are considered to be channels flowing between unstable, unvegetated gravel bars that are submerged at bankfull flow.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Absolute area estimates as percent of total in-channel wetted area are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Absolute area estimates as percent of total in-channel wetted area are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Absolute area estimates as percent of total in-channel wetted area are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Absolute area estimates as percent of total in-channel wetted area are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Absolute area estimates as percent of total in-channel wetted area are entered instead of index ratings.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising beaver ponds. Note: these are pools located in the main or side channels, not part of off-channel habitat.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising glides. Note: There is a general lack of consensus regarding the definition of glides (Hawkins et al. 1993), despite a commonly held view that it remains important to recognize a habitat type that is intermediate between pool and riffle. The definition applied here is from the ODFW habitat survey manual (Moore et al. 1997): an area with generally uniform depth and flow with no surface turbulence, generally in reaches of <1% gradient. Glides may have some small scour areas but are distinguished from pools by their overall homogeneity and lack of structure. They are generally deeper than riffles with few major flow obstructions and low habitat complexity.


AttributeName:
Habitat type - wetted area of groundwater channels

Attribute Definition:
The area in acres of groundwater channels.  Groundwater channels connect to the main channel or a side channel only at one end at flows less than bankfull.  They are usually relict river channels fed by groundwater, though surface flow from higher terraces can also contribute. They can function as overflow channels at some flood stages, and include several subtypes (Ward et al. 1999), including: (1) channels carrying main channel seepage, (2) channels fed by the floodplain aquifer and (3) channels fed by groundwater supplied from adjacent terraces.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Absolute area estimates in acres are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Absolute area estimates in acres are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Absolute area estimates in acres are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Absolute area estimates in acres are entered instead of index ratings.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Absolute area estimates in acres are entered instead of index ratings.


AttributeName:
Habitat type - large cobble/boulder riffles

Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising large cobble/boulder riffles. Particle sizes of substrate modified from Platts et al. (1983) based on information in Gordon et a. (1991): gravel (0.2 to 2.9 inch diameter), small cobble (2.9 to 5 inch diameter), large cobble (5 to 11.9 inch diameter), boulder (>11.9 inch diameter).


AttributeName:
Habitat type - off-channel habitat factor

Attribute Definition:
A multiplier used to estimate the amount of off-channel habitat based on the wetted surface area of the all combined in-channel habitat (e.g., 2.0 = off-channel habitat is 2X in-channel wetted area).

Index Value 0 Definition:
Off-channel factor is entered as a multiplier relative to the wetted in-channel area.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Off-channel factor is entered as a multiplier relative to the wetted in-channel area.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Off-channel factor is entered as a multiplier relative to the wetted in-channel area.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Off-channel factor is entered as a multiplier relative to the wetted in-channel area.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Off-channel factor is entered as a multiplier relative to the wetted in-channel area.


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising pools, excluding beaver ponds


Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising pool tailouts.


AttributeName:
Habitat type - wetted area of floodplain ponds

Attribute Definition:
The area in acres of floodplain ponds. Floodplain ponds are water-filled depressions, partially or entirely filled with water year-round and that are connected to the main river for all or some period of the year by an outlet channel. To be classified as a floodplain pond, the outlet channel must have a mean depth > 4 inches for a portion of a year (e.g., at least one month, though not necessarily all consecutive days) in most (>50%) years. They are either natural features on the floodplain, representing cut-off oxbows or pools in relict river channels, but they may also be man-made (e.g., floodplain gravel pits). They might be supplied by groundwater or surface water from streams or springs. Ponds that do not meet the criteria for connectivity to the river are either excluded from the analysis or may be included with flooded wetlands. Flooded wetlands often contain ponded areas, either intermittently or perennially filled with water.


Attribute Definition:
The mean monthly proportion of the wetted area of all in-channel habitat (main channel, side channels and braids) consisting of side channels.  A side channel is an active stream channel separated from the main channel by a vegetated or otherwise stable island (Knighton (1998). The islands tend to be large relative to the size of the channels. Side channels are frequently small watered remnants of the historic river channel within the floodplain.  Some side channels carry surface water continuously, from the point of divergence to the point of return, at a given flow, while others become intermittent (are dry at some point(s) between divergence and return) at the same flow (Ward et al. 1999). The frequency of continuous connection to a surface water source can be important in the ecology of various species (Tockner et al. 2000) and is described by Side Channel Connectivity (ConnectSideChan).


AttributeName:
Habitat type - small cobble/gravel riffles

Attribute Definition:
Percentage of the wetted channel surface area comprising small cobble/gravel riffles. Particle sizes of substrate modified from Platts et al. (1983) based on information in Gordon et a. (1991): gravel (0.2 to 2.9 inch diameter), small cobble (2.9 to 5 inch diameter), large cobble (5 to 11.9 inch diameter), boulder (>11.9 inch diameter).


AttributeName:
Habitat type - wetted area of seasonally flooded wetlands

Attribute Definition:
The area in acres of seasonally flooded wetland.  Seasonally flooded wetlands frequently occur on the floodplains of large rivers. Geomorphically, they are often remnants of ancient ponds and river channels which filled with sediment and debris over centuries (Saucier 1994, cited in Henning 2004).  Seasonally flooded wetlands are typically flooded during annual high water periods either by broad overbank flows or by backwatering through narrow swales. These wetlands may contain seasonal or perennial ponds that do not meet the criteria for connectivity to the river prescribed for floodplain ponds (see definition for HbPond).


Attribute Definition:
Identifies the position of the month with respect to the magnitude of mean daily flow for the month relative to the high and low flow months of the yearly hydrograph (under unregulated flow). A rating of zero means that the average flow in that month is at or near the average month low flow for the annual hydrograph. Similarly, a rating of four means that the average flow for the month is at or near the average month high flow for the annual hydrograph.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Unregulated mean daily flow in month is less than 120% of the minimum mean daily flow for all months in the calendar year.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Unregulated mean daily flow in month is greater than 120% and less than 250% of the minimum mean daily flow for all months in calendar year.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Unregulated mean daily flow in month is not defined by any of the other specified ranges.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Unregulated mean daily flow in month is greater than or equal to 70% and less than 85% of the maximum mean daily flow for all months in the calendar year.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Unregulated mean daily flow in month is greater than or equal to 85% of the maximum mean daily flow for all months in the calendar year.


Attribute Definition:
The natural flow regime within the reach of interest. Flow regime typically refers to the seasonal pattern of flow over a year; here it is inferred by identification of flow sources. This applies to an unregulated river or to the pre-regulation state of a regulated river.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Groundwater-source-dominated; strongly buffered peak flows (as in a springbrook or in river like the Metolius in central Oregon)

Index Value 1 Definition:
Spring snowmelt dominated, non-glacial; temporally consistent and moderate peak and low flows

Index Value 2 Definition:
Rain-on-snow transitional; consistent spring peak and low flows with inconsistent and flashy winter or early spring rain-on-snow peaks

Index Value 3 Definition:
Rainfall-dominated; flashy winter and early spring peaks, consistently low summer flows and variable spring and fall flows.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Glacial runoff system; high, turbid low flows, generally buffered peak flows except with occasional outburst floods and infrequent rain-on-snow events

Comment:
Edits made by Frissell 6-29-99. Notes: 1) Keep in mind the main way this attribute is intended to be used is to mediate the effects of other attributes on fish survival; for example, increasing turbidity in a glacial stream that is already turbid most of the summer may have less effect on fish survival than the same turbidity increase in a clearwater springbrook. Or, increased  peak and low flow variability caused by deforestation may be expressed more dramaitically in streams with flashy hydrologic regimes vs. those with more buffered natural regimes. 2) This classification only addresses the NATURAL BACKGROUND hydrologic regime--it does not attempt to characterize hydrologic changes caused by dam regulation and diversions.  We should think carefully about where in EDT dam- and diversion-related influences on hydrologic regime are accounted for before adopting the scheme above. Modified this attribute to specify that it applies solely to the unregulated state of a river (3-29-00 Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The change in the natural hydrograph caused by the operation of flow regulation facilities (e.g., hydroelectric, flood storage, domestic water supply, recreation, or irrigation supply) in a watershed.  Definition does not take into account daily flow fluctuations (See Flow-Intra-daily variation attribute).

Index Value 0 Definition:
No artificial flow regulation occurs upstream to affect hydrograph.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Project operations have not changed median flows between months or season as the project is operated as a run-of-river facility, or project storage is < 15 days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Project operations have not changed median flows between months or season as the project is operated as a run-of-river facility, or project storage is > 15 and < 30-days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Project operations have resulted in a measurable shift in median flows between months or seasons. The project provides limited flood control during periods of high run-off (winter or spring). The project’s reservoir is operated each year to store more than 30 but less than 60-days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Project operations have resulted in a major shift in median flows between months or seasons. The project is operated to provide significant flood control during high run-off periods (winter or spring). The project's reservoir is operated each year to store more than 60-days of the annual mean daily flow of the river.


Attribute Definition:
A measure of the proportion of the volume of groundwater channels contributed by groundwater. In the absence of explicit hydrological information, hyporheic influence will be assumed to be minimal at the upstream end of unconfined valley segments and maximal at the downstream end.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Hyporheic groundwater is the major source of flow within the channel or pond. Thermal and water clarity characteristics of hyporheic exchange are strongly evident. Habitat is likely located within the lower end of an unconfined reach of the main river.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Although substantial hyporheic exchange is occurring, hyporheic water is diluted by surface flows.  Thermal and water clarity characteristics indicate strong influence of hyporheic input but dilution from other sources is evident. Habitat may be located in the lower portion of an unconfined reach of the main river or may receive ground water contributions from an adjacent terrace.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Hyporheic exchange exists but is not a dominant source of water.  Thermal and water clarity characteristics indicate modest hyporheic influence. Habitat may be located in the middle of an unconfined reach of the main river or may receive some ground water from an adjacent terrace.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Weak evidence that groundwater is contributing to the channel or pond. Thermal and water clarity characteristics reflect minimal groundwater influence. Habitat may be located within the upper third of an unconfined reach or within a large floodplain of a meandering, single-thread river channel.  Groundwater may enter from an adjacent terrace.

Index Value 4 Definition:
No evidence of groundwater influence on the channel or pond.  Thermal and water clarity characteristics distinctly different from hyporheic inflow. Habitat may be located at the top end of an unconfined reach or within a large floodplain of a meandering, single-thread river channel.


Attribute Definition:
Average extent (magnitude and frequency) of icing events over a 10-year period. Icing events can have severe effects on the biota and the physical structure of the stream in the short-term. It is recognized that icing events can under some conditions have long-term beneficial effects to habitat structure.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Anchor ice and icing events do not occur.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Some anchor ice may occur infrequently, having little or no impact to physical structure of stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks/bed.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Likelihood for some anchor ice and/or icing events is moderate to high each year and effects on stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks/beds is considered low to moderate.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Likelihood for anchor ice and/or icing events is high each year, having effects on stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks/beds that differ widely within the reach--from low to high across the reach.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Likelihood of severe anchor ice or overbank ice jams is high each year, having major and extensive effects on stream, in-stream structure, and stream banks across the reach.


Attribute Definition:
The extent of heavy metals and miscellaneous toxic pollutants within the stream sediments and/or soils adjacent to the stream channel.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Metals/pollutants at natural (background) levels with no or negligible effects on benthic dwelling organisms or riparian vegetation (under continual exposure).

Index Value 1 Definition:
Deposition of metals/pollutants in low concentrations such that some stress symptoms occur to benthic dwelling organisms or riparian vegetation root/shoot growth is impaired (under continual exposure).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Stress symptoms increased or biological functions moderately impaired to benthic dwelling organisms; or few areas within the riparian zone present where no vegetation exists (slickens); ecotonal to these areas occupied only by tolerant species; horizons containing metals/pollutant concentrations influencing root growth and composition are common within the riparian corridor.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Growth, food conversion, reproduction, or mobility of benthic organisms severely affected; or large areas of the riparian zone devoid of vegetation; ecotonal areas occupied only by metals/pollutant-tolerant species; few areas in the riparian zones which are unaffected.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Metals/pollutant concentrations in sediments/soils are lethal to large numbers of the benthic species and/or riparian zone is practically devoid of vegetation.

Comment:
Inserted pollutants and broadened language to sediments within riverine substrates (3-31-00 Lestelle). Major edits on 3-31-00 to broaden application to riverine sediments (Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The extent of dissolved heavy metals within the water column.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No toxicity expected due to dissolved heavy metals to salmonids under prolonged exposure (1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 1 Definition:
May exert some low level chronic toxicity to salmonids (1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Consistently chronic toxicity expected to salmonids( 1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 3 Definition:
Usually acutely toxic to salmonids (1 month exposure assumed).

Index Value 4 Definition:
Always acutely toxic to salmonids (1 month exposure assumed).

Comment:
Edits made by Lestelle (6-4-99) to broaden application to all heavy metals. Previous version used copper as a surrogate for all metals.


AttributeName:
Miscellaneous toxic pollutants - water column

Attribute Definition:
The extent of miscellaneous toxic pollutants (other than heavy metals) within the water column.

Index Value 0 Definition:
No substances present that may periodically be at or near chronic toxicity levels to salmonids.

Index Value 1 Definition:
One substance present that may only periodically rise to near chronic toxicity levels (may exert some chronic toxicity) to salmonids.

Index Value 2 Definition:
More than one substance present that may periodically rise to near chronic toxicity levels or one substance present > chronic threshold and < acute threshold (consistently chronic toxicity) to salmonids.

Index Value 3 Definition:
One or more substances present > acute toxicity threshold but < 3X acute toxicity threshold (usually acutely toxic) to salmonids.

Index Value 4 Definition:
One or more substances present with > 3X acute toxicity (always acutely toxic) to salmonids.

Comment:
Removed references to EPA following 6-10-99 meeting. Clarification indicating target species are salmonids (3-31-00 Lestelle).


Attribute Definition:
The extent of nutrient enrichment (most often by either nitrogen or phosphorous or both) from anthropogenic activities. Nitrogen and phosphorous are the primary macro-nutrients that enrich streams and cause build ups of algae. These conditions, in addition to leading to other adverse conditions, such as low DO can be indicative of conditions that are unhealthy for salmonids. Note: care needs to be applied when considering periphyton composition since relatively large mats of green filamentous algae can occur in Pacific Northwest streams with no nutrient enrichment when exposed to sunlight.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Unenriched streams (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 0.5-3 mg/m2). Nutrient levels typical of oligotrophic conditions (small supply of nutrients, low production of organic matter, low rates of decomposition, and high DO). No enrichment is occurring nor is suspected. Green filamentous algae may be present at certain times of year, particularly in unshaded areas.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Very small amount of enrichment suspected to be occurring through land use activities (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 3-20 mg/m2). Green filamentous algae present in summer months in unshaded reaches.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Nutrient levels typical of oligotrophic conditions (small supply of nutrients, low production of organic matter, low rates of decomposition, and high DO). Some enrichment known to be occurring (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 20-60 mg/m2), often associated with failing skeptics tanks or runoff from areas of heavy fertilizer usage. Dense mats of green or brown filamentous algae present in summer months.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Eutrophic (abundant nutrients associated with high level of primary production, frequently resulting in oxygen depletion).Very obvious enrichment of reach is occurring from point sources or numerous non-point sources (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 60-600 mg/m2). Large, dense mats of green or brown filamentous algae will be present during summer months.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Super enrichment of reach is strongly evident. Known, major point sources of organic waste inputs, such as runoff from large feedlot operation, wash water from farm products processing, or significant sewage facilities with inadequate treatment (corresponding to benthic chlorophyll a values 600-1200 mg/m2). In most severe cases, filamentous bacteria abundant, associated with low D.O. and hydrogen sulfide. In less severe cases, large dense mats of green or brown filamentous algae generally cover the substrate.


Attribute Definition:
Obstructions to fish passage by physical barriers (not dewatered channels or hinderances to migration caused by pollutants or lack of oxygen).

Index Value 0 Definition:
Barriers to fish migration (juveniles and adults) are entered explicitly by barrier, species and life stage.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Barriers to fish migration (juveniles and adults) are entered explicitly by barrier, species and life stage.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Barriers to fish migration (juveniles and adults) are entered explicitly by barrier, species and life stage.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Barriers to fish migration (juveniles and adults) are entered explicitly by barrier, species and life stage.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Barriers to fish migration (juveniles and adults) are entered explicitly by barrier, species and life stage.

Comment:
Question on how applies to 6HUC--should just be applied to main channel?


AttributeName:
Obstructing littoral vegetation (groundwater channels)

Attribute Definition:
Incidence and density of patches of impenetrable littoral exotic vegetation (canary reed grass, purple loosestrife, etc.) in shallow, near-shore areas that limit accessibility of groundwater channels in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Obstructing littoral vegetation not present

Index Value 1 Definition:
Less than 50% of suitable habitats colonized by obstructing littoral vegetation and scouring by flood events common.

Index Value 2 Definition:
More than 50% of suitable habitats colonized by obstructing littoral vegetation, but scouring by flood events is common.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Essentially all appropriate habitats colonized by obstructing littoral vegetation, but scouring by flood events is common.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Obstructing littoral vegetation colonizes all appropriate habitats, and scouring by flood events is rare.


AttributeName:
Obstructing littoral vegetation (floodplain ponds)

Attribute Definition:
Incidence and density of patches of impenetrable littoral exotic vegetation (canary reed grass, purple loosestrife, etc.) in shallow, near-shore areas that limit accessibility of floodplain ponds in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Incidence and density of patches of impenetrable littoral exotic vegetation (canary reed grass, purple loosestrife, etc.) in shallow, near-shore areas that limit accessibility of seasonally flooded wetlands in the vicinity of the reach under consideration.


Attribute Definition:
Level of predation risk on fish species due to presence of top level carnivores or unusual concentrations of other fish eating species. This is a classification of per-capita predation risk, in terms of the likelihood, magnitude and frequency of exposure to potential predators (assuming other habitat factors are constant). NOTE: This attribute is being updated to distinguish risk posed to small bodied fish (<10 in) from that to large bodied fish (>10 in).

Index Value 0 Definition:
Many or most native predators are depressed or rare, none are greatly increased over natural levels, and there is expected a significant numerical survival advantage to fish as a result compared to historical predator abundance.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Some native predators are moderately depressed, none are greatly increased over natural levels, and there is expected some small to moderate numerical survival advantage to fish as a result compared to historical predator abundance.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Diversity and per-capita abundance of predators exists so that  predation risk is at near-natural level and distribution.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Moderate increase in population density or moderately concentrated population of predator species exists due to artifacts of human alteration of the environment (e.g., top-down food web effects, habitat manipulations) compared to historical condition.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Excessive population density or concentrated population of predator species exists due to artifacts of human alteration of the environment (e.g., top-down food web effects, habitat manipulations) compared to historic condition.

Comment:
Edits made by Frissell 6-29-99. Notes: This classification assumes there is no Leopoldian benefit to predation, e.g., predators of salmon weed out diseased or maladapted individuals that would otherwise adversely affect conspecfics or their offspring.  Frissell is reluctant to rule this possibility out but knows of no
studies that test the question in fish populations. Assumes here that fewer predators = reduced predation risk = higher survival.


AttributeName:
Proximity to main channel or side channel (floodplain ponds)

Attribute Definition:
Mean monthly distance in feet from pond to the main river, where length is measured along the outlet channel from the edge of the pond to the edge of the river.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Pond is located within 200 ft of the main channel or a side channel.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Pond is between 200 and 500 ft from the main channel or a side channel.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Pond is between 500 and 1,200 ft from the main channel or a side channel.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Pond is between 1,200 and 3,600 ft from the main channel or a side channel.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Pond is more than 3,600 ft from the main channel or a side channel.


Attribute Definition:
A measure of riparian function that has been altered within the reach.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Strong linkages with no anthropogenic influences.

Index Value 1 Definition:
>75-90% of functional attributes present (overbank flows, vegetated streambanks, groundwater interactions typically present).

Index Value 2 Definition:
50-75% functional attribute rating- significant loss of riparian functioning- minor channel incision, diminished riparian vegetation structure and inputs etc.

Index Value 3 Definition:
25-50% similarity to natural conditions in functional attributes- many linkages between the stream and its floodplain are severed.

Index Value 4 Definition:
< 25% functional attribute rating: complete severing of floodplain-stream linkages

Comment:
Removed references to "contaminated sediments" following 6-10-99 meeting.


Attribute Definition:
Relative abundance of anadromous salmonid carcasses within watershed that can serve as nutrient sources for juvenile salmonid production and other organisms. Relative abundance is expressed here as the density of salmon carcasses within subdrainages (or areas) of the watershed, such as the lower mainstem vs the upper mainstem, or in mainstem areas vs major tributary drainages.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Super abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >800.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Very abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >400 and < 800.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Moderately abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >200 and < 400.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Not abundant -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) >25 and <200.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Very few or none -- average number of carcasses per mile of main channel habitat (within an appropriately designated area) <25.


Attribute Definition:
Minimum water temperatures within the stream reach during a month.

Comment:
Edits made following 7-2-99 work session based on discussions between McCullough, Frissell, and Lestelle.


AttributeName:
Temperature – daily minimum (by month) (groundwater channels)

Attribute Definition:
Minimum daily water temperatures within all groundwater channels during a month.


AttributeName:
Temperature – daily minimum (by month) (floodplain ponds)

Attribute Definition:
Minimum daily water temperatures within all floodplain ponds during a month.


AttributeName:
Temperature – daily minimum (by month) (wetlands)

Attribute Definition:
Minimum daily water temperatures within all seasonally flooded wetlands during a month.


Attribute Definition:
Maximum water temperatures within the stream reach during a month.

Index Value 2 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 22-25 C or 1-12 d with >16 C

Index Value 3 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 25-27.5 C or > 4 d (non-consecutive) with warmest day 22-25 C or >12 d with >16 C

Index Value 4 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 27.5 C or 3 d (consecutive) >25 C or >24 d with >22 C

Comment:
Edits made consistent with recommendations by D. McCullough (following 7-2-99 work session).


AttributeName:
Temperature – daily maximum (by month) (groundwater channels)

Attribute Definition:
Maximum daily water temperatures within all groundwater channels during a month.

Index Value 4 Definition:
> 1 d with warmest day 27.5 C or 3 d (consecutive) >25 C or >24 d with >21 C


AttributeName:
Temperature – daily maximum (by month) (floodplain ponds)

Attribute Definition:
Maximum daily water temperatures within all floodplain ponds during a month.


AttributeName:
Temperature - daily maximum (by month) (wetlands)

Attribute Definition:
Maximum daily water temperatures within all seasonally flooded wetlands during a month.


Attribute Definition:
The extent of water temperature variation (cool or warm water depending upon season) within the reach as influenced by inputs of groundwater or tributary streams, or the presence of thermally stratified deep pools.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Super abundant sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters (primary source of stream flow), tributaries entering reach, or deep pools that provide abundant temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Abundant sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters, tributaries entering reach, or deep pools that provide abundant temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Occasional sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters, tributaries entering reach or deep pools that provide intermittent temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Infrequent sites of groundwater discharge into surface waters, tributaries entering reach or deep pools that provide infrequent temperature variation in reach.

Index Value 4 Definition:
No evidence of temperature variation in reach.


Attribute Definition:
The severity of suspended sediment (SS) episodes within the stream reach. (Note: this attribute, which was originally called turbidity and still retains that name for continuity, is more correctly thought of as SS, which affects turbidity.) SS is sometimes characterized using turbidity but is more accurately described through suspended solids, hence the latter is to be used in rating this attribute. Turbidity is an optical property of water where suspended, including very fine particles such as clays and colloids, and some dissolved materials cause light to be scattered; it is expressed typically in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Suspended solids represents the actual measure of mineral and organic particles transported in the water column, either expressed as total suspended solids (TSS) or suspended sediment concentration (SSC)—both as mg/l. Technically, turbidity is not SS but the two are usually well correlated. If only NTUs are available, an approximation of SS can be obtained through relationships that correlate the two. The metric applied here is the Scale of Severity (SEV) Index taken from Newcombe and Jensen (1996), derived from: SEV = a + b(lnX) + c(lnY) , where, X = duration in hours, Y = mg/l, a = 1.0642 , b = 0.6068, and c = 0.7384. Duration is the number of hours out of month (with highest SS typically) when that concentration or higher normally occurs. Concentration would be represented by grab samples reported by USGS. See rating guidelines.

Index Value 0 Definition:
SEV Index <= 4.5 Clear with infrequent (short duration-- several days per year) concentrations of low concentrations (< 50 mg/l) of suspended sediment. No adverse effects on biota of these low doses.

Index Value 1 Definition:
SEV Index >4.5 and <= 7.5  Occasional episodes (days) of low to moderate concentrations (<500 mg/L), though very short duration episodes (hours) may occur with of higher concentrations (500 to 1000). These concentrations are always sublethal to juvenile and adult salmonids-though some behavioral modification may occur.

Index Value 2 Definition:
SEV Index >7.5 and <= 10.5   Occasional episodes of moderate to relatively high concentrations (>500 and <1000 mg/L), though shorter duration episodes (<1 week) may occur with higher concentrations (1000-5000 mg/L). The higher concentrations stated can be expected to result in major behavioral modification, severe stress, severely reduced forage success and direct mortality.

Index Value 3 Definition:
SEV Index >10.5 and <= 12.5   On-going or occasional episodes (periodic events annually lasting weeks at a time) of high concentrations of suspended sediment (>5000 and <10000 mg/L), or shorter duration episodes lasting hours or days of higher concentrations. These conditions result in direct, high mortality rates.

Index Value 4 Definition:
SEV Index >12.5   Extended periods (month) of very high concentrations (>10000 mg/L). These represent the most extreme severe conditions encountered and result in very high mortality of fish species.

Terms:
Note: turbidity here is described by suspended sediment measured as mg/L instead of the more usual unit of NTU. It is recognized that relationships between NTU and suspended sediment differ by sediment particle type.

Comment:
Major edits made by Lestelle on 4-5-00 following review of papers by Lloyd (1987), Lloyd et al. (1987), and Waters (1995).


Attribute Definition:
The severity of suspended sediment (SS) episodes within groundwater channels in the vicinity of the reach under consideration. Note: although this attribute was originally called turbidity and still retains that name for continuity, it is more correctly thought of as suspended sediment (SS).  SS is sometimes characterized in terms of turbidity, but it is more accurately expressed in terms of suspended solids. “Turbidity” is an optical property of water that consists of the scattering of light because of suspended particles, including very fine particles such as clays and colloids.  Turbidity in the optical sense is expressed in terms of nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs). Suspended solids represents the actual measure of mineral and organic particles transported in the water column, either expressed as total suspended solids (TSS) or suspended sediment concentration (SSC)—both as mg/l. Technically, turbidity is not SS but the two are usually well correlated. If only NTUs are available, an approximation of SS can be obtained through relationships that correlate the two. The metric applied here is the Scale of Severity (SEV) Index taken from Newcombe and Jensen (1996), derived from: SEV = a + b(lnX) + c(lnY) , where, X = duration in hours, Y = mg/l, a = 1.0642 , b = 0.6068, and c = 0.7384. Duration is the number of hours out of month (with highest SS typically) when that concentration or higher normally occurs. Concentration would be represented by grab samples reported by USGS. See rating guidelines.


Attribute Definition:
The severity of suspended sediment (SS) episodes within the floodplain ponds in the vicinity of the reach under consideration. Note: although this attribute was originally called turbidity and still retains that name for continuity, it is more correctly thought of as suspended sediment (SS).  SS is sometimes characterized in terms of turbidity, but it is more accurately expressed in terms of suspended solids. “Turbidity” is an optical property of water that consists of the scattering of light because of suspended particles, including very fine particles such as clays and colloids.  Turbidity in the optical sense is expressed in terms of nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs). Suspended solids represents the actual measure of mineral and organic particles transported in the water column, either expressed as total suspended solids (TSS) or suspended sediment concentration (SSC)—both as mg/l. Technically, turbidity is not SS but the two are usually well correlated. If only NTUs are available, an approximation of SS can be obtained through relationships that correlate the two. The metric applied here is the Scale of Severity (SEV) Index taken from Newcombe and Jensen (1996), derived from: SEV = a + b(lnX) + c(lnY) , where, X = duration in hours, Y = mg/l, a = 1.0642 , b = 0.6068, and c = 0.7384. Duration is the number of hours out of month (with highest SS typically) when that concentration or higher normally occurs. Concentration would be represented by grab samples reported by USGS. See rating guidelines.


Attribute Definition:
The severity of suspended sediment (SS) episodes within seasonally flooded wetlands in the vicinity of the reach under consideration. Note: although this attribute was originally called turbidity and still retains that name for continuity, it is more correctly thought of as suspended sediment (SS).  SS is sometimes characterized in terms of turbidity, but it is more accurately expressed in terms of suspended solids. “Turbidity” is an optical property of water that consists of the scattering of light because of suspended particles, including very fine particles such as clays and colloids.  Turbidity in the optical sense is expressed in terms of nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs). Suspended solids represents the actual measure of mineral and organic particles transported in the water column, either expressed as total suspended solids (TSS) or suspended sediment concentration (SSC)—both as mg/l. Technically, turbidity is not SS but the two are usually well correlated. If only NTUs are available, an approximation of SS can be obtained through relationships that correlate the two. The metric applied here is the Scale of Severity (SEV) Index taken from Newcombe and Jensen (1996), derived from: SEV = a + b(lnX) + c(lnY) , where, X = duration in hours, Y = mg/l, a = 1.0642 , b = 0.6068, and c = 0.7384. Duration is the number of hours out of month (with highest SS typically) when that concentration or higher normally occurs. Concentration would be represented by grab samples reported by USGS. See rating guidelines.


Attribute Definition:
The average velocity type of side channels within the reach, where "velocity type" refers to the proportion of side channel wetted area with a velocity low enough to retain salmonid fry (<50 mm) indefinitely. Estimated maximum sustainable water velocity for fry and small parr is assumed to be 0.4 fps.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Water velocity through side channels is very slow, suitable for holding newly emergent salmonid fry without displacement by velocity OR 90-100% of the wetted area is estimated to have water velocities that do not exceed 0.4 fps.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Water velocity through side channels tends to be slow, though a small percentage of areas (relatively few in number) contain moderately fast flows. Small juveniles would be able to hold within the lower velocity areas but might have difficulty holding in faster areas. OR 75-90% of the wetted area has water velocities that do not exceed 0.4 fps.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Water velocity through side channels is diverse, ranging from areas of very low velocity to areas of relatively high velocities. Small juveniles are able to hold within the lower velocity areas but not in the faster areas. OR 40-75% of the wetted area has water velocities that do not exceed 0.4 fps.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Water velocity through side channels tends to be high, though some areas (relatively few in number) contain very slow flows. Small juveniles are able to hold only within the slowest areas. OR 10-40% of the wetted area has water velocities that do not exceed 0.4 fps.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Water velocity through side channels is very high, representing a very high-energy condition, typically associated with very high gradient and/or high discharges within confined channels or channels with low width to depth ratios.  Salmonid fry and small parr are unable to hold position within the channel without significant velocity cover. OR <10% of the wetted area has water velocities that do not exceed 0.4 fps.


Attribute Definition:
The amount of wood (large woody debris or LWD) within the reach. Dimensions of what constitutes LWD are defined here as pieces >0.1 m diameter and >2 m in length. Numbers and volumes of LWD corresponding to index levels are based on Peterson et al. (1992), May et al. (1997), Hyatt and Naiman (2001), and Collins et al. (2002). Note: channel widths here refer to average wetted width during the high flow month (< bank full), consistent with the metric used to define high flow channel width. Ranges for index values are based on LWD pieces/CW and presence of jams (on larger channels). Reference to "large" pieces in index values uses the standard TFW definition as those > 50 cm diameter at midpoint.

Index Value 0 Definition:
A complex mixture of single large pieces and accumulations consisting of all sizes, decay classes, and species origins;  cross-channel jams are present where appropriate vegetation and channel conditions facilitate their existence; large wood pieces are a dominant influence on channel diversity (e.g., pools, gravel bars, and mid-channel islands) where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 3-10 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 3-10 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 7-30 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 20-50 pieces/CW in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 15-37 pieces/CW in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Complex array of large wood pieces but fewer cross channel bars and fewer pieces of sound large wood due to less recruitment than index level 1; influences of large wood and jams are a  prevalent influence on channel morphology where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 2-3 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 2-4 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 3-7 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 10-20 pieces/CW (excluding large jams) in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 8-15 pieces/CW (excluding large jams) in conjunction with large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Few pieces of large wood and their lengths are reduced and decay classes older due to less recruitment than in index level 1; small debris jams poorly anchored in place; large wood habitat and channel features of large wood origin are uncommon where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 1-2 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 1-2 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 1-3 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 10-20 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 8-15 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Large pieces of wood rare and the natural function of wood pieces limited due to diminished quantities, sizes, decay classes and the capacity of the riparian streambank vegetation to retain pieces where channel gradient and flow allow such influences. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- 0.33-1 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- 0.33-1 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- 0.33-1 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- 3-10 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur, >400 ft -- 2-8 pieces/CW without large jams in areas where accumulations might occur.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Pieces of LWD rare. Density of LWD (pieces per channel width CW) consistent with the following: channel width <25 ft -- <0.33 pieces/CW, 25-50 ft -- <0.33 pieces/CW, 50-150 ft -- <0.33 pieces/CW , 150-400 ft -- <3 pieces/CW with accumulations where they might occur, >400 ft -- <2 pieces/CW with no accumulations where they might occur.

Terms:
The term "large wood" uses the standard TFW definition as logs greater than 50 cm diameter at midpoint.


Attribute Definition:
The number and relative size of water withdrawals in the stream reach.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Very minor water withdrawals with or without screening (entrainment probability considered very low).

Index Value 2 Definition:
Several of significant water withdrawals along reach though all sites known or believed to be screened with effective screening devices. (Note: one site that withdraws a substantial portion of flow with screening falls into this category.)

Index Value 3 Definition:
Several sites of significant water withdrawals along reach without screening or screening believed to be ineffective. (Note: one site that withdraws a substantial portion of flow without screening falls into this category.)

Index Value 4 Definition:
Frequent sites of significant water withdrawals along reach without screening or screening believed to be ineffective.

Comment:
Frissell commented that information is likely not available to indicate extent of screening, as in Index 4 above. Some discussion has occurred suggesting that this kind of information may be obtained by communicating with local fish and wildlife offices. Needs further attention (Lestelle 6-4-99).


Attribute Definition:
Average width of the wetted channel. If the stream is braided or contains multiple channels, then the width would represent the sum of the wetted widths along a transect that extends across all channels. Note: Categories are not to be used for calculation of wetted surface area; categories here are used to designate relative stream size.

Index Value 0 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 1 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 2 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 3 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Index Value 4 Definition:
Width values are entered as point values in ft.

Terms:
Average width is the average during a specific month, either the typical low flow or high flow month.

Comment:
Values placed by Lestelle (6-4-99) to provide a means of designating relative stream size. Lestelle changed lower limit to Index 1 following 6-10-99 meeting.


Attribute Definition:
Average width of the wetted channel during peak flow month (average monthly conditions). If the stream is braided or contains multiple channels, then the width would represent the sum of the wetted widths along a transect that extends across all channels. Note: Categories are not to be used for calculation of wetted surface area; categories here are used to designate relative stream size.


# Table_Change_Lookup

Description:
Data of higher accuracy and/or precision is available


Description:
New information of a higher level of proof is available


Description:
A different hypothesis is brought forward


# Table_Degraded_Def

Comments:
Degraged attribute assumptions used in Yakima Basin


Comments:
Degraded attribute assumptions for USBR Yakima


# Table_PatternClass_Types_Lookup

ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes flow; use to calculate reach width (min and max values required)


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern for maximium flow attributes


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern for minimum flow attributes


ClassDescription:
Attribute is constant for all months (no variation)


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes maximum temperature


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes minimum temperature


ClassDescription:
Combination of TempMax and TempMin Patterns to describe seasonal variation in TmpSptVar


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern describes turbidity in stream


ClassDescription:
Monthly patterns for obstruction reaches


ClassDescription:
Monthly patterns for predator species (Grebes)


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern that includes a reset calculation


ClassDescription:
Monthly patterns for hydrograph - used by HydroMonth


ClassDescription:
Monthly patterns for off channel accessibility attributes


ClassDescription:
Monthly pattern for obstructing vegetation off channel features


# Table_Proof_Lookup

Description:
Documented observations (e.g.USGS flow or temperature data).


Description:
Expansion of observations to fill in missing times or places, using documented procedures.


Description:
Information derived from other attributes using documented procedures.


Description:
Information provided by person with expertise in the subject matter & familiarity with local conditions.


Description:
Hypothesis derived from literature, data from similar subbasins and/or local knowledge.


# Table_Routing_Editor

Description:
Cedar River from Logan St Bridge (RM 1.0) to I-405 (RM 1.6)


Description:
Cedar River from  I-405 (RM 1.6) to SR 169 Bridge (RM 4.2)


Description:
Cedar River from SR 169 Bridge (RM 4.2) to upstream of Landslide (RM 4.7)


Description:
Cedar River from upstream of Landslide (RM 4.7) to RM 5.8


Description:
Cedar River from RM 8.2 to Cedar Mt Rd (RM 9.4)


Description:
Cedar River from Cedar Mt Rd (RM 9.4) to RM 10.2


Description:
Cedar River from RM 10.2 to just downstream of Taylor Cr (RM 12.7)


Description:
Cedar River from just downstream of Taylor Cr (RM 12.7) to RM 13.8


Description:
Cedar River from RM 15.0  to RR Trail Crossing at RM 16.0


Description:
Cedar River from RR Trail Crossing at RM 16.0 to RR Trail Crossing at RM 17.0


Description:
Cedar River from RR Trail Crossing at RM 17 to Arcadia (RM 19.0)


Description:
Cedar River from Arcadia (RM 19.0) to RR Trail Crossing at RM 19.6


Description:
Cedar River from RR Trail Crossing at RM 19.6 to Landsburg Dam (RM 21.7)


Description:
Landsburg Dam on the Cedar River (RM 21.7)


Description:
Cedar River from Landsburg Dam  (RM 21.7) to RM 22.2


Description:
Cedar River from RM 23.9 to Barneston Bridge (RM 29.3 -  just downstream of Taylor Creek)


Description:
Cedar River from Barneston Bridge (RM 29.3 - just downstream of Taylor Creek) to RM 31.4


Description:
Cedar River from RM 33.2 to Cedar Falls Powerhouse (RM 33.7)


Description:
Cedar River from Cedar Falls Powerhouse (RM 33.7) to RM 34.1


Description:
Cedar River from RM 34.1 to Lower Cedar Falls (RM 34.3)


Description:
Maplewood Creek from mouth to  RM 0.3 (Sediment Trap)


Description:
Maplewood Creek Sediment Trap (RM 0.3) to E.F confluence (RM 0.7)


Description:
EF Maplewood Creek from confluence with Maplewood (RM 0.7) to top of ravine (upper extent coho potential) - RM 0.3


Description:
Molasses Creek from mouth to top of ravine (RM 0.8); location of stormwater retention pond (barrier)


Description:
Molasses Creek anadromous fish barrier at RM 0.8 (culvert and storrmwater retention pond)


Description:
Molasses Creek from retention pond (RM 0.8) to upper extent of coho potential (RM 1.6); plateau reach.


Description:
Madison Creek from mouth to Jones Rd/Highway 169 crossing (RM 0.2).


Description:
Madson Creek from Jones Rd/Highway 169 Crossing (RM 0.2) to RM 0.3 (Highway 169 ditch)


Description:
Madson Creek from RM 0.3 to RM 0.5 (Detention pond).


Description:
Madsen Creek from RM 0.5 (Detention pond) to top of ravine RM 1.5


Description:
Madsen Creek from top of ravine (RM 1.5) to upper extent coho potential (RM 2.2) - Wetland 16


Description:
LB tributary of Madsen Creek (enters Madsen near top of ravine) from conflucence to upper extent of coho potential (RM 0.1)


Description:
Unnamed wall-based tributary from mouth to upper extent coho use (RM 0.5 within Cedar River floodplain)


Description:
Unnamed tributary from mouth to beginning of ravine (RM 0.4).


Description:
Unnamed tributary from bottom of ravine (RM 0.4) to just upstream Francis Lake Rd (RM 0.7)


Description:
Peterson Creek from mouth to RM 0.5; stream begins to steepen, enters ravine


Description:
Peterson Creek from RM 0.5 to RM 1.1; ravine, confined, steep gradient channel.


Description:
Peterson Creek from RM 1.1 to outlet of Peterson Lake (RM 1.5); narrower riparian this section of stream


Description:
Peterson Creek from lake to outlet of Spring Lake (RM 2.6)


Description:
Unnamed tributary flowing into Peterson Creek (~RM 2.4) from mouth to outlet of Lake Desire.


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from mouth to Maxwell Rd Crossing (RM 0.4)


Description:
Unnamed right bank tributary of Taylor/Downs Creek (enters stream at RM 0.45) from mouth to RM 0.2


Description:
Unnamed right bank tributary of Taylor/Downs Creek from RM 0.2 to RM 0.4 (presumed upper extent of coho distribution).


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from Maxwell Rd Crossing (RM 0.4) to RM 0.8 (stream leaves ditch alongside Maxwell Rd, lower end of potential restoration project)


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from RM 0.8 (creek leaves Maxwell Rd) to RM 0.9


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from RM 0.9  to RM 1.0 (upper end of restoration project)


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from (RM 1.0) to RM 1.4 (bottom of ravine)


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from RM 1.4 to top of ravine (RM 1.9).


Description:
Taylor/Downs Creek from RM 1.9 to RM 3.4 (upper extent of coho distribution; assumed at 258th  St - King County Fish Dist Map)


Description:
Rock Creek from mouth to foot bridge over creek (RM 0.06).


Description:
Rock Creek from foot bridge at RM 0.06 to box culvert under SE 248th St t (@ RM 0.15)


Description:
Rock Creek SE 248th St box culvert (@ RM 0.15).


Description:
Rock Creek from SE 248th St Culvert (RM 0.15) to culvert under Cedar River Pipeline (RM 0.27)


Description:
Rock Creek from culvert under Cedar River Pipeline (RM 0.27) to RM 0.32


Description:
Rock Creek from RM 0.88 to Summit-Landsburg Rd Crossing (RM 1.56)


Description:
Rock Creek from Summit-Landsburg Rd Crossing (RM 1.56) to Kent-Kangley Rd Crossing (RM 1.82)


Description:
Rock Creek from Kent-Kangley Rd Crossing (RM 1.82) to Foot bridge just upstream of Clark Springs (RM 2.07)


Description:
Rock Creek from Foot bridge just upstream of Clark Springs (RM 2.07) to RM 2.13


Description:
Rock Creek from RM 2.13 (upstream of Clark Springs) to Kent Watershed Boundary (RM 2.7)


Description:
Rock Creek from Kent Watershed Boundary (RM 2.7) to Right Bank tributary (RM 2.8)


Description:
Rock Creek from Right Bank tributary (RM 2.8) to RM 4.8 (upper extent of coho potential)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from mouth to RM 0.2 (bottom of ravine)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from RM 0.2 to RM 0.6 (seasonal barrier, top of ravine)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from RM 0.6 (seasonal barrier) to RM 1.1 (SPU Watershed Boundary, 276th Ave SE)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from RM 1.1 (SPU Watershed Boundary) to RM 1.6 (lower end of "natural" reach)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from RM 1.6 (lower end of "natural" reach) to RM 2.1 (upstream end of "natural" reach)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from RM 2.1 (upstream end of "natural" reach) to 40/18 Rd Junction (RM 3.8)


Description:
Walsh Ditch from 40/18 Rd Junction (RM 3.8) to Walsh Lake outlet (RM 4.1)


Description:
Webster Creek from Walsh Lake to Watershed 10 Rd (RM 0.4)


Description:
Webster Creek from Watershed 10 Rd (RM 0.4) to Taylor Siphon Crossing (RM 0.7)


Description:
Webster Creek Siphon Crossing (RM 0.7); Taylor Ditch crossing under Webster Creek


Description:
Webster Creek from Taylor Siphon Crossing (RM 0.7) to County Rd 208th (RM 0.7)


Description:
Webster Creek County Rd 208th Crossing (RM 0.7); fish barrier


Description:
Webster Creek from County Rd 208th (RM 0.7) to Watershed 20 Rd (RM 1.7)


Description:
Webster Creek from Watershed 20 Rd (RM 1.7) to change gradient (RM 2.6)


Description:
Webster Creek from change gradient (RM 2.6) to upper extent coho RM 3.1 (no definitive upper limit determined)


Description:
Hotel Creek from mouth (enters Webster Creek) to Watershed 10 Rd Crossing (RM 0.1)


Description:
Hotel Creek from Watershed 10 Rd Crossing (RM 0.1) to waterfall at RM 0.7 (upper extent coho potential)


Description:
EF Hotel Creek from Hotel Creek (enters stream ~RM 0.6) to upper extent of coho potential RM 0.3 (no definitive upper limit determined)


Description:
Carey Creek from confluence with Hotel Cr (~RM 0.6) to Taylor Ditch Siphon (RM 1.0)


Description:
Carey Creek Taylor Ditch Siphon (RM 1.0)


Description:
Rock Creek from mouth to 40/18 Rd junction (RM 1.6 Walsh Ditch diversion)


Description:
Rock Creek from 40/18 Rd junction (RM 1.6 Walsh Ditch Diversion) to RM 2.9 (gradient break downstream of Watershed 10 Rd)


Description:
Rock Creek from RM 2.9 (gradient break downstream of Watershed 10 Rd) to 208th County Rd (RM 4.3)


Description:
Rock Creek County Rd 208th (RM 4.3) crossing; this is NOT a barrier


Description:
Rock Creek from 208th County Rd (RM 4.3) to BPA ROW 1st crossing (RM 5.2)


Description:
Rock Creek  BPA ROW 1st crossing (RM 5.2); complete barrier adults


Description:
Rock Creek from BPA ROW 1st crossing (RM 5.2) to BPA ROW 2nd Crossing (RM 5.9)


Description:
Rock Creek from BPA ROW 2nd Crossing (RM 5.9) to upper limit coho potential (RM 6.0)


Description:
Lower West Fork Rock Creek from confluence with Rock Creek (~RM 4.3, just downstream of 208th) to RM 0.6 (gradient change downstream of 25 Rd).


Description:
Lower West Fork Rock Creek from RM 0.6 (gradient change downstream of 25 Rd) to RM 1.3 upper limit coho potential (no definitive upper limit determined)


Description:
Upper West Fork Rock Creek from confluence with Rock Creek (~4.8, downstream of 1st BPA ROW) to RM 0.3 (1st RB tributary).


Description:
Upper West Fork Rock Creek from RM 0.3 (1st RB tributary) to falls (RM 0.6)


Description:
Williams Creek from mouth to RM 0.2 (downstream of "plateau"/topography break)


Description:
Williams Creek from RM 0.2 (downstream of "plateau"/topography break) to impassible cascades (RM 1.6)


Description:
WF Williams Creek from confluence Williams Creek (~RM 1.1) to 13.1 Rd Crossing (RM 0.3)


Description:
WF Williams Creek 13.1 Rd Crossing (RM 0.3) - barrier


Description:
WF Williams Creek from 13.1 Rd Crossing (RM 0.3) to RM 0.5 (upper limit coho potential)


Description:
Steele Creek from mouth to RM 0.3, 1st channel fork (downstream of 20 Rd)


Description:
Taylor Creek (upper basin tributary) from mouth to RR grade/Bridge (RM 0.03)


Description:
Taylor Creek (upper basin tributary) from RR grade/Bridge (RM 0.03) to impassible falls (RM 0.2)


